Table of Contents

Introduction

Essay

1 Material

1.1 Soil

1.2 Plants

1.3 Lawns and other seeded areas

1.4 Wood

1.5 Natural stone

1.6 Bricks and clinker

1.7 Concrete

1.8 Metal, steel in particular

1.9 Other building materials

2 General principles for loadbearing structures

2.1 Loadbearing structures

2.2 Connecting loadbearing elements

2.3 Foundations and retaining structures

3 Building elements and building methods

3.1 Earth structures and ground relief

3.2 Paths and squares

3.3 Steps and ramps

3.4 Handrails, banisters and fences

3.5 Walls

3.6 Small buildings and pergolas

3.7 Walkway structures and wooden platforms

3.8 Small bridges

3.9 Plantations and planting techniques

3.10 Lawns and other seeded areas

3.11 Drainage plant and systems

3.12 Water features

3.13 Vertical planting

3.14 Roof planting

3.15 Standard and non-standard

Appendix

About the Author

Astrid Zimmermann is an independent landscape architect with an office in Berlin.