Discovering Statistics Using SPSS http://www.fishpond.com.au/Books/Discovering-Statistics-Using-SPSS-Andy-Field/9781847879073

Introducing Statistical Methods Series

By Andy Field

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Table of Contents

Preface Introduction What's New? Goodbye How To Use The Book What Background Knowledge Do I Need? Do The Chapters Get More Difficult As I Go Through The Book? Why Do I Keep Seeing Stupid Faces Everywhere? What is on the CD-ROM? Acknowledgements Dedication Symbols Used In This Book Mathematical Operators Greek Symbols English Symbols Home Maths Revision Why Is My Evil Lecturer Forcing Me to Learn Statistics? What Will This Chapter Tell Me? What The Hell Am I Doing Here? I Don't Belong Here Initial Observation: Finding Something That Needs Explaining Generating Theories And Testing Them Data Collection Part 1: What To Measure Data Collection Part 2: How To Measure Analyzing Data What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Stats Quiz Further Reading Interesting Real Research Everything You Ever Wanted to Know about Statistics (Well, Sort of) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Building Statistical Models Populations And Samples Simple Statistical Models Going Beyond The Data Using Statistical Models To Test Research Questions What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Stats Quiz Further Reading Interesting Real Research The SPSS Environment What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Versions Of SPSS Getting Started The Data Editor The SPSS Viewer The SPSS Smartviewer The Syntax Window Saving Files Retrieving A File What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Task Further Reading Exploring Data with Graphs What Will This Chapter Tell Me? The Art Of Presenting Data The SPSS Chart Builder Histograms: A Good Way To Spot Obvious Problems Boxplots (Box-Whisker Diagrams) Graphing Means: Bar Charts And Error Bars Line Charts Graphing Relationships: The Scatterplot Editing Graphs What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Exploring Assumptions What Will This Chapter Tell Me? What Are Assumptions? Assumptions Of Parametric Data The Assumption Of Normality Testing Whether A Distribution Is Normal Testing For Homogeneity Of Variance Correcting Problems In The Data What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Correlation What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Looking At Relationships How Do We Measure Relationships? Data Entry For Correlation Analysis Using SPSS Bivariate Correlation Partial Correlation Comparing Correlations Calculating The Effect Size How To Report Correlation Coefficents What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Task Further Reading Interesting Real Research Regression What Will This Chapter Tell Me? An Introduction To Regression Doing Simple Regression On SPSS Interpreting A Simple Regression Multiple Regression: The Basics How Accurate Is My Regression Model? How To Do Multiple Regression Using SPSS Interpreting Multiple Regression What If I Violate An Assumption? How To Report Multiple Regression Categorical Predictors And Multiple Regression What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Task Further Reading Interesting Real Research Logisitic Regression What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Background To Logistic Regression What Are The Principles Behind Logistic Regression? Assumptions And Things That Can Go Wrong Binary Logistic Regression: An Example That Will Make You Feel Eel Interpreting Logistic Regression How To Report Logistic Regression Testing Assumptions: Another Example Predicting Several Categories: Multinomial Logistic Regression What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Comparing Two Means What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Looking At Differences The T-Test The Dependent T-Test The Independent T-Test Between Groups Or Repeated Measures? The T-Test As A General Linear Model What If My Data Are Not Normally Distributed? What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Task Further Reading Interesting Real Research Comparing Several Means: ANOVA (GLM 1) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? The Theory Behind ANOVA Running One-Way ANOVA On SPSS Output From One-Way ANOVA Calculating The Effect Size Reporting Results From One-Way Independent ANOVA Violations Of Assumptions In One-Way Independent ANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Analysis of Covariance, ANCOVA (GLM 2) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? What Is ANCOVA? Assumptions And Issues In ANCOVA Conducting ANCOVA On SPSS Interpreting The Output From ANCOVA ANCOVA Run As A Multiple Regression Testing The Assumption Of Homogeneity Of Regression Slopes Calculating The Effect Size Reporting Results What To Do When Assumptions Are Violated In ANCOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Factorial ANOVA (GLM 3) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Theory Of Factorial ANOVA (Between-Groups) Factorial ANOVA Using SPSS Output From Factorial ANOVA Interpreting Interaction Graphs Calculating Effect Sizes Reporting The Results Of Two-Way ANOVA Factorial ANOVA As Regression What To Do When Assumptions Are Violated In Factorial ANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Repeated Measures Designs (GLM 4) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Introduction To Repeated Measures Designs Theory Of One-Way Repeated-Measures ANOVA One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA Using SPSS Output For One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA Effect Sizes For Repeated Measures ANOVA Reporting One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA Repeated Measures With Several Independent Variables Output For Factorial Repeated Measures ANOVA Effect Sizes For Factorial Repeated Measures ANOVA Reporting The Results From Factorial Repeated Measures ANOVA What To Do When Assumptions Are Violated In Repeated Measures ANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Fixed Design ANOVA (GLM 5) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Fixed Designs What Do Men And Women Look For In A Partner? Fixed ANOVA On SPSS Output For Mixed Factorial ANOVA: Main Analysis Calculating Effect Sizes Reporting The Results Of Mixed ANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Non-Parametric Tests What Will This Chapter Tell Me? When To Use Non-Parametric Tests Comparing Two Independent Conditions: The Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test And Mann-Whitney Test Comparing Two Related Conditions: The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Differences Between Several Independent Groups: The Kruskal-Wallis Test Differences Between Several Related Groups: Friedman's ANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) What Will This Chapter Tell Me? When To Use MANOVA Introduction: Similarities And Differences To ANOVA Theory Of MANOVA Practical Issues When Conducting MANOVA MANOVA On SPSS Output From MANOVA Reporting Results From MANOVA Following Up MANOVA With Discriminant Analysis Output From The Discriminant Analysis Reporting Results From Discriminant Analysis Some Final Remarks What To Do When Assumptions Are Violated In MANOVA What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Exploratory Factor Analysis What Will This Chapter Tell Me? When To Use Factor Analysis Factors Discovering Factors Research Example Running The Analysis Interpreting Output From SPSS How To Report Factor Analysis Reliability Analysis How To Report Reliability Analysis What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Task Further Reading Interesting Real Research Categorical Data What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Analysing Categorical Data Theory Of Analysing Categorical Data Assumptions Of The Chi-Square Test Doing Chi-Square On SPSS Several Categorical Variables: Log-Linear Analysis Assumptions In Loglinear Analysis Loglinear Analysis Using SPSS Output From Loglinear Analysis Following Up Loglinear Analysis Effect Sizes In Loglinear Analysis Reporting The Results Of Loglinear Analysis What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Multilevel Linear Models What Will This Chapter Tell Me? Hierarchical Data Theory Of Multilevel Linear Models The Multilevel Model Some Practical Issues Multilevel Modelling On SPSS Growth Models How To Report A Multilevel Model What Have I Discovered About Statistics? Key Terms That I've Discovered Smart Alex's Tasks Further Reading Interesting Real Research Epilogue Glossary Appendices Table Of The Standard Normal Distribution Critical Values Of The T-Distribution Critical Values Of The F-Distribution Critical Values Of The Chi-Square Distribution References

About the Author

Andy Field is Professor of Child Psychopathology at the University of Sussex. He has published over 70 research papers, 27 book chapters, and 17 books mostly on child emotional development and statistics. He is the founding editor of the Journal of Experimental Psychopathology and has been an associate editor and editorial board member for the British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, Cognition and Emotion, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review and Research Synthesis Methods. His ability to make statistics accessible and fun has been recognized with local and national teaching awards (University of Sussex, 2001; the British Psychological Society, 2007), a prestigious UK National Teaching Fellowship (2010), and the British Psychological Society book award (2006). He adores cats, and loves to listen to and play very heavy music. He lives in Brighton with his wonderful wife Zoe and Fuzzy the cat.

Reviews

'The mathematics behind the tests is always given in considerable detail. This is admirable and helps students to see the logics behind the tests...I like the exploration of the various options for the tests he discusses, and the discussions of the pros and cons of specific variants of tests' - Nurse Researcher