Table of Contents

List of Contributors

Preface: The Natufian Culture in the Levant: Twenty Years Later
Ofer Bar-Yosef and Francois R. Valla

Acknowledgements

NORTHERN LEVANT

Chapter 1. Natufian Lifeways in the Eastern Foothills of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Nicholas J. Conard, Knut Bretzke, Katleen Deckers, Andrew W. Kandel, Mohamed Masri, Hannes Napierala, Simone Riehl and Mareike Stahlschmidt

Chapter 2. The Natufian of Moghr el-Ahwal in the Qadisha Valley, Northern Lebanon
Andrew Garrard and Corine Yazbeck

Chapter 3. The Natufian of Southwestern Syria Sites in the Damascus Province
Kurt Felix Hillgruber

Chapter 4. The Natufian Occupations of Qarassa 3 (Sweida, Southern Syria)
Xavier Terradas, Juan Jose Ibanez, Franck Braemer, Lionel Gourichon and Luis C. Teira

Chapter 5. The Early Natufian Site of Jeftelik (Homs Gap, Syria)
Amelia del Carmen Rodriguez Rodriguez, Maya Haidar-Boustani, Jesus E.Gonzalez Urquijo, Juan Jose Ibanez, Michel Al-Maqdissi, Xavier Terradas and Lydia Zapata

Chapter 6. Fish in the Desert? The Younger Dryas and its Influence on the Paleoenvironment at Baaz Rockshelter, Syria
Hannes Napierala

Chapter 7. Preliminary Results from Analyses of Charred Plant Remains from a Burnt Natufian Building at Dederiyeh Cave in Northwest Syria
Ken-ichi Tanno, George Willcox, Sultan Muhesen, Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Yousef Kanjo and Takeru Akazawa

SOUTHERN LEVANT

El-Wad

Chapter 8. Spatial Organization of Natufian el-Wad through Time: Combining the Results of Past and Present Excavations
Mina Weinstein-Evron, Daniel Kaufman and Reuven Yeshurun

Chapter 9. The Last Natufian Inhabitants of el-Wad Terrace
Noga Bachrach, Israel Hershkovitz, Daniel Kaufman and Mina Weinstein-Evron

Chapter 10. Domestic Refuse Maintenance in the Natufian: Faunal Evidence from el-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel
Reuven Yeshurun, Guy Bar-Oz, Daniel Kaufman and Mina Weinstein-Evron

Chapter 11. Natufian Green Stone Pendants from el-Wad: Characteristics and Cultural Implications
Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer, Naomi Porat and Mina Weinstein-Evron

Eynan

Chapter 12. The Final Natufian Structure 215-228 at Mallaha (Eynan), Israel: an Attempt at Spatial Analysis
Francois R. Valla, Hamoudi Khalaily, Nicolas Samuelian, Anne Bridault, Rivka Rabinovich, Tal Simmons, Gaelle Le Dosseur and Shoshana Ashkenazi

Chapter 13. A Study of two Natufian Residential Complexes: Structures 200 and 203 at Eynan (Ain Mallaha), Israel
Nicolas Samuelia

Chapter 14. Graves in Context: Field Anthropology and the Investigation of Interstratified Floors and Burials
Fanny Bocquentin, Teresa Cabellos and Nicolas Samuelian

Chapter 15. Obsidian in Natufian Context: the Case of Eynan (Ain Mallaha), Israel
Hamoudi Khalaily and Francois R. Valla

Chapter 16. Flint Knapping and its Objectives in the Early Natufian. The Example of Eynan- Ain Mallaha (Israel)
Boris Valentin, Francois R. Valla and Hugues Plisson with the collaboration of Fanny Bocquentin

Chapter 17. Searching for the Functions of Fire Structures in Eynan (Mallaha) and their Formation Processes: a Geochemical Approach
Ramiro J. March

Chapter 18. Avifauna of the Final Natufian of Eynan
Tal Simmons

Chapter 19. Bone Ornamental Elements and Decorated Objects of the Natufian from Mallaha
Gaelle Le Dosseur and Claudine Marechal

Chapter 20. Reconstruction of the Habitats in the Ecosystem of the Final Natufian Site of Ain Mallaha (Eynan)
Shoshana Ashkenazi

SOUTHERN LEVANT - OTHER SITES

Chapter 21. Wadi Hammeh 27: an open-air ‘base-camp’ on the Fringe of the Natufian ‘homeland’
Phillip C. Edwards, Fanny Bocquentin, Sue Colledge, Yvonne Edwards, Gaelle Le Dosseur, Louise Martin, Zvonkica Stanin and John Webb

Chapter 22. Art Items from Wadi Hammeh 27
Janine Major

Chapter 23. The Final Epipaleolithic / PPNA site of Huzuq Musa (Jordan Valley)
Dani Nadel and Danny Rosenberg

Chapter 24. Natufian Settlement in the Wadi al-Qusayr, West-Central Jordan
Michael Neeley

Chapter 25. The Steppic Early Natufian: Investigations in the Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan
Deborah I. Olszewski

Chapter 26. The Natufian of the Azraq Basin: An Appraisal
Tobias Richter and Lisa A. Maher

Chapter 27. Chert Procurement Patterns And Exploitation Territory: Case Study From Late Natufian Hayonim Terrace (Western Galilee, Israel)
Christophe Delage

Chapter 28. A Faunal Perspective on the Relationship between the Natufian Occupations of Hayonim Cave and Hayonim Terrace
Natalie D. Munro

Chapter 29. The Natufian at Raqefet Cave
Gyorgy Lengyel, Dani Nadel and Fanny Bocquentin

Chapter 30. Hof Shahaf: A New Natufian Site on the Shore of Lake Kinneret
Ofer Marder, Reuven Yeshurun, Howard Smithline, Oren Ackermann, Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer, Anna Belfer-Cohen, Leore Grosman, Israel Hershkovitz, Noa Klein and Lior Weissbrod

Chapter 31. The Life History of Macrolithic Tools at Hilazon Tachtit Cave
Laure Dubreuil and Leore Grosman

GENERAL REVIEWS, CLIMATE AND INTERPRETATIONS

Chapter 32. Breaking the Mould: Phases and Facies in the Natufian of the Mediterranean Zone
Anna Belfer-Cohen and A. Nigel Goring-Morris

Chapter 33. Ruminations on the Role of Periphery and Center in the Natufian
A. Nigel Goring-Morris and Anna Belfer-Cohen

Chapter 34. The Natufian and the Younger Dryas
Donald O. Henry

Chapter 35. Scaphopod Shells in the Natufian Culture
Aldona Kurzawska, Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer and Henk K. Mienis

Chapter 36. The Natufian Chronological Scheme – New Insights and their Implications
Leore Grosman

Chapter 37. Natufian Foragers and the ‘Monocot Revolution’: A Phytolith Perspective
Arlene M. Rosen

Chapter 38. Lithic Technology in the Late Natufian – Technological Differences between ‘Core-area’ and ‘Periphery’
Hila Ashkenazy

Chapter 39. Variability of Lunates and Changes in Projectile Weapons Technology during the Natufian
Alla Yaroshevich, Daniel Kaufman, Dmitri Nuzhnyy, Ofer Bar-Yosef and Mina Weinstein-Evron

Chapter 40. Specialized Hunting of Gazelle in the Natufian: Cultural Cause or Climatic Effect?
Guy Bar-Oz, Reuven Yeshurun and Mina Weinstein-Evron

Chapter 41. Commensalism: was it Truly a Natufian Phenomenon? Recent Cntributions from Ethnoarchaeology and Ecology
Lior Weissbrod, Daniel Kaufman, Dani Nadel, Reuven Yeshurun and Mina Weinstein-Evron

About the Author

Ofer Bar-Yosef is the George Grant MacCurdy and Janet G. B. MacCurdy Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at Harvard University.