Table of Contents

FDA or PAFA name: Listed in bold is the name by which the FDA classifies the substance.

List of Synonyms: From the Chemical Abstract, the IUPAC name, and the common or "folklore" name for natural products are listed. Standardized names are provided for each substances. The most commonly used names are in bold type.

Current CAS Number: The current FDA number for the substance.

Other CAS Numbers: Numbers used previously or that are used by TSCA or EINICS to identify the substance.

Empirical Formula: Indicates the relative proportion of elements in a molecule.

Specifications: Includes melting point, boiling point, optical rotation, specific gravity, and more.

Description: Where the substance is grown; how it is cultivated, gathered, and brought to market; how it gets into food; species and subspecies producing this commodity; differences in geographical origin and how it impacts the quality of the product.

Natural Occurrence: Lists family, genus, and species. Explains variances between the same substance grown and cultivated in different geographies.

Natural Sources: For synthetic or nature-identical substances the Encyclopedia provides a list of foods in which a substance is naturally found.

GRAS status: "Generally Recognized as Safe" status as established by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturer's Association (FEMA) or other GRAS panels.

Regulatory Notes: This citation gives information about restrictions of amount, use, or processing of substances.

Table of Regulatory Citations: Lists CFR numbers and description of permitted use categories.

Purity: For some substances there are no purity standards. Here, current good manufacturing practices are reported as gathered from various manufacturers. Allows you as the consumer to know what is available and standard in the industry.

Functional Use in Food: The FDA has 32 functions for foods, such as, processing aids, antioxidants, stabilizers, texturizers, etc. Lists the use of the particular substance as it functions in food products.