Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION
What is a GIS?
GIS Functionality
Data and Databases
Hardware Support

FUNDAMENTAL DATABASE CONCEPTS
Introduction to Databases
Relational Databases
Database Development
Object-Orientation

FUNDAMENTAL SPATIAL CONCEPTS
Euclidean Space
Set-Based Geometry of Space
Topology of Space
Network Spaces
Metric Spaces
Endnote on Fractal Geometry

MODELS OF GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION
Modeling and Ontology
The Modeling Process
Field-Based Models
Object-Based Models

REPRESENTATION AND ALGORITHMS
Computing with Geospatial Data
The Discrete Euclidean Plane
The Spatial Object Domain
Representations of Field-Based Models
Fundamental Geometric Algorithms
Vectorization and Rasterization
Network Representation and Algorithms

STRUCTURES AND ACCESS METHODS
General Database Structures and Access Methods
From One to Two Dimensions
Raster Structures
Point Object Structures
Linear Objects
Collections of Objects
Spherical Data Structures

ARCHITECTURES
Hybrid, Integrated, and Composable Architectures
Syntactic and Semantic Heterogeneity
Distributed Systems
Distributed Databases
Location-Aware Computing

INTERFACES
Human-Computer Interaction
Cartographic Interfaces
Geovisualization
Developing GIS Interfaces

SPATIAL REASONING AND UNCERTAINTY
Formal Aspects of Spatial Reasoning
Information and Uncertainty
Qualitative Approaches to Uncertainty
Quantitative Approaches to Uncertainty
Applications of Uncertainty in GIS

TIME
Introduction: A Brief History of Time
Temporal Information Systems
Spatiotemporal Information Systems
Indexes and Queries

Appendices