Table of Contents

Preface vii

List of Contributors ix

Foreword xiii

Abbreviations xvii

Section I: Background 1

1 A Brief History of Particle Radiotherapy 3

2 The Physics of Particle Therapy 11

3 The Radiobiology of Particle Therapy 27

4 Practical Aspects of Particle Therapy Accelerators 47

5 Treatment Planning for Scanning Beam Proton Therapy 55

6 Image-Guided Particle Therapy and Motion Management 81

7 Advanced Particle Therapy Delivery: A Review of Advanced Techniques for Particle Therapy Delivery 101

8 FLASH Radiotherapy 115

9 Boron Neutron Capture Therapy 121

10 Grid Therapy 137

11 Particle Therapy and the Immune System 151

12 The Economics of Particle Therapy 165

Section II: Particle Therapy by Clinical Indication 177

13 Intracranial Tumors: Principles and Practice of Particle Therapy 179

14 Ocular Malignancies 201

15 Brain, Skull Base, and Spinal Tumors 225

16 Head and Neck Cancers 239

17 Thoracic Malignancies: Proton Beam and Carbon-ion Therapy for Thoracic Cancers and Recurrent Disease 261

18 Gastrointestinal Tumors 287

19 Hepatobiliary Cancers 311

20 Breast Cancer 357

21 Prostate Cancer 383

22 Non-prostate Genitourinary Cancers 411

23 Gynecologic Cancers 425

24 Lymphoma and Leukemia 445

25 Sarcomas and Soft Tissue Malignancies 465

26 Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors 483

27 Particle Therapy for Non-CNS Pediatric Malignancies 495

Index 521

About the Author

Timothy D. Malouff is an emerging leader in particle therapy. He has published and presented extensively on a variety of topics related to particle therapy, including proton therapy, carbon ion therapy, boron neutron capture therapy, and other heavy ion therapy. Dr. Malouff’s research goals include critically evaluating and expanding the indications for “novel” radiation modalities, including particle therapy. Outside of the clinic, Dr. Malouff enjoys spending time with his family.

Daniel M. Trifiletti as an international leader in radiation oncology and stereotactic radiosurgery at the Mayo Clinic, the research of Dr. Trifiletti includes numerous clinical studies involving radiation, surgery and drug therapies in the treatment of tumors. Dr. Trifiletti’s short-term research goals focus on describing the impact of radiation on the priming of the brain tumor microenvironment. Discovering the biological underpinnings of radiation priming will allow for novel, “game-changing” cancer therapies, rapid translation to early-stage clinical trials and, ultimately, improved outcomes in patients with fatal diseases.