Table of Contents

Preface (by David Woodward) 1 Prehistoric Cartography in Asia (by Catherine Delano Smith) The Mapping Impulse in Prehistoric Art Picture Maps Plan Maps Celestial Maps Cosmological Maps Problems of Interpretation 2 Introduction to East Asian Cartography (by Nathan Sivin and Gari Ledyard) Scope The Variety of East Asia Terms Contents Historiography The Means and Ends of Cartography Text and Map Implications CARTOGRAPHY IN CHINA 3. Reinterpreting Traditional Chinese Geographical Maps (by Cordell D. K. Yee) Chinese Mapping: A Mathematical Tradition? The Use and Abuse of Cartographic History: Flaws in the Quantitative Approach Toward a Revision of the Chinese Map Tradition 4. Chinese Maps in Political Culture (by Cordell D. K. Yee) Maps, Ritual, and Warfare Political Culture and Documentary Scholarship Maps in Han Political Culture The Continuity of Qin and Han Practices Astrology and Celestial Mapping in Political Culture The Proliferation of Geographic Records Gazetteer Maps Maps, Scholarship, and Cultural Continuity 5. Taking the World's Measure: Chinese Maps between Observation and Text (by Cordell D. K. Yee) The Government Interest in Measurement Water Conservancy and Cartography Evidentiary Scholarship and Cartography Maps, Measurement, and Text Number and Text in Pei Xiu's Cartography Text and Measurement in Later Cartography The Shape of the World: Observation versus Text The Cartographic Grid 6. Chinese Cartography among the Arts: Objectivity, Subjectivity, Representation (by Cordell D. K. Yee) The Relation between Art and Reality Literature, Maps, and Representation of the Material World The Dual Function of Representation in Literature Painting and Representation The Artistic Economy: Common Technologies of Production Cartography and the Visual Arts: Conceptual and Stylistic Connections Maps as Paintings/Paintings as Maps Toward a Redefinition of the Map Combining Fact and Value 7. Traditional Chinese Cartography and the Myth of Westernization (by Cordell D. K. Yee) The Introduction of European Cartography European Cartography and Qing Mapping Gauging the Extent of Western Influence Late Qing Manifestations of European Influence 8. Chinese Cosmographical Thought: The High Intellectual Tradition (by John B. Henderson) Foundations of Geometric and Nonary Cosmography Schematic Arrangements of Various Types of Space Geomancy and Its Relation to Cosmography Later Modifications and Criticisms of Traditional Cosmographical Schemata Countercosmography and Anticosmography in Qing Thought 9. Concluding Remarks: Foundations for a Future History of Chinese Mapping (by Cordell D. K. Yee) CARTOGRAPHY IN KOREA, JAPAN, AND VIETNAM 10. Cartography in Korea (by Gari Ledyard) The Present State of Korean Cartographic Research Korean Maps before the Fifteenth Century World Maps and East Asia Regional Maps The Foundations of Korean Cartography The Shape of Korea Local, Regional, and Defense Maps The Historical and Social Setting of Korean Cartography 11. Cartography in Japan (by Kazutaka Unno) Introduction: The Main Mapping Traditions Ancient and Medieval Japanese Cartography before the Edo Period Early Assimilation of European Cartography The State and Cartography Development of the Printed Map Trade Japanese Cartography and "Dutch Learning" Japanese Mapping of Their Northern Frontier and Coastlines 12. Cartography in Vietnam (by John K. Whitmore) Cosmography Maps of Dai Viet Itineraries of Dai Viet Maps of Dai Nam CELESTIAL MAPPING IN EAST ASIA 13. Chinese and Korean Star Maps and Catalogs (by F. Richard Stephenson) Independent Developments in Chinese Celestial Cartography The Beginnings of Celestial Cartography in China The Constellations as Envisaged during the Western and Eastern Zhou Dynasties and the Chunqiu Period (ca. 1027-468 B.C.) Celestial Cartography in the Zhanguo Period (403-221 B.C.) The Qin and Han Dynasties (221 B.C.-A.D. 220) The Three Kingdoms to the Sui Dynasty (220-618) The Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties Period (618-960) The Song and Contemporary Dynasties (960-1279) The Yuan and Ming Dynasties (1279-1644) Celestial Cartography in Korea The Jesuit Contribution 14. Japanese Celestial Cartography before the Meiji Period (by Kazuhiko Miyajima) Celestial Maps in Antiquity and the Middle Ages Celestial Maps in the Edo Period Hoshi Mandaras Aboriginal Celestial Cartography CARTOGRAPHY IN GREATER TIBET AND MONGOLIA 15. Maps of Greater Tibet (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) Cosmographic Maps Geographical Maps Mongolian Cartography (by G. Henrik Herb) CARTOGRAPHY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 16. Introduction to Southeast Asian Cartography (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) The State of Our Knowledge The Nature of the Southeast Asian Cartographic Corpus 17. Cosmography in Southeast Asia (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) Tribal Cosmographies Buddhist and Hindu Cosmographies Astronomy, Astrology, Geomancy, and Mental Maps in Relation to Fields of Cosmic Force 18. Southeast Asian Geographical Maps (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) A Map of the Greater Part of Asia Maps of Countries and Regions Route Maps Maps of Primarily Rural Localities Maps of Primarily Urban Localities 19. Southeast Asian Nautical Maps (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) 20. Conclusion to Southeast Asian Cartography (by Joseph E. Schwartzberg) Nature and Distribution of the Surviving Corpus Physical Attributes of Southeast Asian Maps Cartographic Attributes of Southeast Asian Maps Future Tasks 21. Concluding Remarks (by David Woodward, Cordell D. K. Yee, and Joseph E. Schwartzberg) European and Asian Cartographies Compared Map and Text Representing the Physical and Metaphysical World A Tentative Typology Future Needs Toward a New Cartographic Historicism Editors, Authors, and Project Staff Bibliographical Index General Index (by Ellen D. Goldlust)

About the Author

David Woodward (1942-2004) was the Arthur H. Robinson Professor of Geography Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he taught for more than twenty years. Along with the late J. B. Harley, he was founding editor of the History of Cartography Project. In 2002, the Royal Geographical Society honored him with the Murchison Award for his lifelong contribution to the study of the history of cartography.