1. THE NEW PHILOSOPHICAL HISTORY: Voltaire
On History: Advice to a Journalist
Letter to Abbe Dubos
Introduction: The Age of Louis XIV
On the Usefulness of History
2. THE CRITICAL MEHTOD: Barthold Niebuhr
Preface to the First Edition: History of Rome
Preface to the Second Edition: History of Rome
3. THE IDEAL OF UNIVERSAL HISTORY: Leopold von Ranke
Preface: Histories of Romance and Germanic Peoples
Fragment from the 1830’s
Fragment from the 1860’s
4. NATIONAL HISTORY AND LIBERALISM: Augustin Thierry
Preface and Letter I: The History of France
5. HISTORY AND LITERATURE: Thomas Babington Macaulay
History
6. HISTORY AS BIOGRAPHY: Thomas Carlyle
On History
From On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History
7. HISTORY AS A NATIONAL EPIC: Jules Michelet
From the Introduction: The People
8. POSITIVISTIC HISTORY AND ITS CRITCS: Henry Thomas Buckle and
Johann Droysen
Buckle: From General Introduction, History of Civilization in
England
Droysen: Art and Method
9. HISTORICAL MATERIALISM: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels; Jean
Jaures
Marx and Engels: From The German Idealogy
Jaures: Critical and General Introduction: Histoire socialiste de
la Revolution francaise
10. HISTORY AS AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE:
Prospectuses of Historische Zeitscrift, Revue Historique, English
Historical Review
11. THE ETHOS OF A SCIENTIFIC HISTORIAN: N. D. Fustel de
Coulanges
An Inaugural Lecture
Introduction to The History of Political Institutions of Ancient
France
12. ON THE TRAINING OF HISTORIANS: Theodor Mommsen
Rectorial Address
13. AN AMERICAN DEFINITION OF HISTORY: Frederick Jackson Turner
The Significance of History
14. HISTORY AS A SCIENCE: J. B. Bury
Inaugural Address: The Science of History
Part II
1. CLIO REDISCOVERED: G. M. Trevelyan
From Clio, A Muse
2. SPECIALIZATION AND HISTORICAL SYNTHESIS: Lord Acton and Henry
Berr
Acton: Letter to the Contributors to the Cambridge Modern
History
Berr: About Our Program
3. A “NEW HISTORY” IN AMERICA: James Harvey Robinson and Charles A.
Beard
Robinson and Beard: Preface: The Development of Modern Europe
Robinson: From The New History
4. HISTORICISM AND ITS PROBLEMS: Friedrich Meinecke
Values and Causalities in History
5. HISTORICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION: J. Huizinga
The Idea of History
6. ECONOMIC HISTORY: George Unwin and J. H. Clapham
Unwin: The Teaching of Economic History in University Tutorial
Classes
Clapham: Economic History As a Discipline
7. HISTORICAL RELATIVISM: Charles A. Beard
That Noble Dream
8. HISTORY UNDER MORDERN DICTATORSHIPS: N. N. Pokrovsky, Walter
Frank, and K. A. von Muller
Povrovsky: The Tasks of the Society of Marxist Historians
The Tasks of Marxist Historical Science in the Reconstruction
Period
Frank: From Guild and Nation
Von Muller: Editor’s Note to the Historische Zeitschrift
9. HISTORY AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: Thomas Cochran and Richard
Hofstadter
Cochran: The Social Sciences and the Problem of Historical
Synthesis
Hofstadter: History and the Social Sciences
10. HISTORY AND POLITICAL CULTURE: L. B. Namier
History
Human Nature in Politics
11. CULTURAL HISTORY AS A SYNTHESIS: Jacques Brown
Cultural History: A Synthesis
12. TIME, HISTORY, AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: Fernand Braudel
History and the Social Sciences: The Long Term
13. SOCIAL HISTORY: H. J. Perkin
Social History
14. A NEW ECONOMIC HISTORY: R. W. Fogel
the new Economic History: Its Findings and Methods
15. CLIO AND CRISIS: C. Vann Woodward
Clio with Soul
A recognized authority on modern Europe, Fritz Stern (1938–2016) was a Seth Low Professor of History and former provost at Columbia University. He held three degrees from Columbia, where he taught for over four decades. He also taught at Cornell, Yale, the Free University of Berlin, and the University of Konstanz in West Germany, and as Élie Halévy Professor at the Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques in Paris. He received a DLitt from Oxford in 1985 and the Leopold-Lucas Prize from the Evangelical-Theological Faculty of the University of Tübingen in 1984. His works include The Varieties of History: From Voltaire to the Present; Dreams and Delusions: National Socialism in the Drama of the German Past; Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire, which was nominated for a National Book Award; The Politics of Cultural Despair; and The Failure of Illiberalism.
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