Table of Contents

Acknowledgments Note on Transliteration and Translation List of Illustrations 1. Introduction The Role of Kurdish Nationalism in the Emergence of the Turkish Republic A Brief Discussion on Nationalism Different Interpretations of Nationalism Ethnicity, Nationalism, and the Development of Identity Nationalism in the Kurdish Case Nationalism and Notables in the Ottoman Empire Boundaries of the Research Organization and General Arguments of the Chapters 2. Evolution of Group Identity: The Kurds and Kurdistan in Historical Texts Origin of the Kurds Kurds and Kurdistan in Medieval Sources Serefhan Bitlisi The Seventeenth Century: Ahmed-i Hani Evliya Celebi: A View of an Ottoman Traveler Kurds and Kurdistan in the Late Ottoman Period Kurdistan: The First Kurdish Newspaper Semseddin Sami The Post-World War I Period Conclusion 3. State-Tribe Relations: Ottoman Empire and Kurdish Tribalism Since the Sixteenth Century Tribe, Emirate, and the Kurds Theoretical Framework Definition of Kurdish Tribes Kurdish Tribalism Prior to the Ottoman Conquest Ottoman-Safavid Relations and "Kurdistan" Ottoman Administration in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Classical Ottoman Administration Ottoman Administration in Kurdistan Decreasing Level of Kurdish Autonomy Ottoman Administrative Policies in Nineteenth-Century Kurdistan Conclusion: Consequences of Ottoman Rule 4. Kurdish "Protonationalism"?: The Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries The Nationalist Dimension of Kurdish Militancy Bedirhan Pasha and His Revolt of 1847 The Naqshbandi Semdinan Family and Sayyid Ubeydullah A Transformation to Nationalism: Two Kurdish Cultural and Political Organizations, 1908--20 Kurt Teavun ve Terakki Cemiyeti, or the Society for the Mutual Aid and Progress of Kurdistan (SMPK) Kurdistan Teali Cemiyeti, or the Society for the Advancement of Kurdistan (SAK) of 1918 5. The Role of Preexisting Ties and Notables in the Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism The Naksibendi Semdinan Family Sayyid Abdulkadir The Bedirhani Family Emin Ali Bedirhan Celadet Ali and Kamuran Ali Bedirhan Other Members of the SAK in the Bedirhani Family The Cemilpasazade Family Ekrem Cemilpasa Kadri Cemilpasa (Zinar Silopi) Shaykh Sefik Efendi Mehmet Serif Pasha Bediuzzaman Said Nursi Hizanizade Bitlizli Kemal Fevzi Conclusion 6. Concluding Remarks and Suggestions for Further Research Directions for Further Research in the Republican Period Notes Bibliography Index

About the Author

Hakan Ozogalu is the Ayasli Senior Lecturer in Turkish Studies at the University of Chicago.

Reviews

"Ozogalu has produced a well-written, valuable study of a period in the history of Kurdish nationalism ... [his] study is significant not only for understanding the early history of Kurdish nationalism but also for its contemporary context." - H-Net Reviews (H-Turk) "...both expands on existing studies and revises previous accounts in a concise, nuanced fashion." - International Journal of Middle East Studies "The author's discussion of the Kurdish notable families and the evolution of their ideologies is original and constitutes an important contribution to the literature." - Resat Kasaba, author of The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy: The Nineteenth Century "The topic of the emergence of ethno-nationalism among a class of notables closely linked to the imperial state is significant, making this book of interest to students of ethnicity and nationalism, Ottoman historians, and specialists of Kurdish affairs." - Martin van Bruinessen, author of Agha, Shaikh, and State: The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan