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A compilation of reviews on the latest research in memory formation.

Table of Contents

Wayne S. Sossin, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jean-Claude Lacaille, Department of Physiology
Vincent F. Castellucci, Department of Physiology
Sylvie Belleville, Department of Psychology
Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

SECTION I. CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO THE ESSENCE OF MEMORY
Molecular memory traces
W.S. Sossin
PKMζ,LTP Maintenance, and the dynamic molecular biology of memory storage
T.C. Sacktor
Understanding the importance of mRNA transport in memory
M. Del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente and L. DesGroseillers
Cap-dependent translation initiation and memory
J.L. Banko and E. Klann
Translational control of gene expression: a molecular switch for memory storage
M. Costa-Mattioli and N. Sonenberg
Regulation of hippocampus-dependent memory by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
T. Abel and P.V. Nguyen
Synaptic tagging and cross-tagging and related associative reinforcement processes of functional plasticity as the cellular basis for memory formation
S. Frey and J.U. Frey
Synaptic plasticity in learning and memory: stress effects in the hippocampus
J.G. Howland and Y.-T. Wang
The role of the GluR-A (GluR1) AMPA receptor subunit in learning and memory
D.J. Sanderson, M.A. Good, P.H. Seeburg, R. Sprengel, J.N.P. Rawlins and D.M. Bannerman
Synaptic remodelling, synaptic growth and the storage of long-term memory in aplysia
C.H. Bailey and E.R. Kandel
Spine dynamics and synapse remodelling during LTP and memory processes
M. De Roo, P. Klauser, P. Mendez Garcia, L. Poglia and D. Muller

SECTION II. SYSTEMS APPROACHES TO THE ESSENCE OF MEMORY
The age of plasticity: developmental regulation of synaptic plasticity in neocortical microcircuits
A. Maffei and G. Turrigiano
Differential mechanisms of transmission and plasticity at mossy fiber synapses
C.J. McBain
Long-term synaptic plasticity in hippocampal feedback inhibitory networks
J.G. Pelletier and J.-C. Lacaille
Persistent neural activity in the prefrontal cortex: a mechanism by which BDNF regulates working memory?
E.M. Galloway, N.H. Woo and B. Lu

SECTION III. ANIMAL APPROACHES TO THE ESSENCE OF MEMORY
Animal models and behaviour: their importance for the study of memory
V.F. Castellucci
New tricks for an old slug: the critical role of postsynaptic mechanisms in learning and memory in aplysia
D.L. Glanzman
Olfactory memory traces in Drosophila
J. Berry, W.C. Krause and R.L. Davis
Associative learning signals in the brain
W.A. Suzuki
SECTION IV. HUMAN APPROACHES TO THE ESSENCE OF MEMORY
What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory?
N. Cowan
Encoding-retrieval overlap in human episodic memory: a functional neuroimaging perspective
M.D. Rugg, J.D. Johnson, H. Park and M.R. Uncapher
Cognitive aging and increased distractibility: costs and potential benefits
M.K. Healey, K.L. Campbell and L. Hasher
Characterizing the memory changes in persons with mild cognitive impairment
S. Belleville, S. Sylvain-Roy, C. De Boysson and M.-C. M¨¦nard
Aging, metamemory regulation and executive functioning
M. Isingrini, A. Perrotin and C. Souchay
Cognitive neuroscience studies of semantic memory in Alzheimer's disease
H. Chertkow, C. Whatmough, D. Saumier and A. Duong
The effects of surgery and anesthesia on memory and cognition
C. Nicole, T. Rame, Q. Yanqin and B. Gilbert