Table of Contents

Introduction -- Historical and Theoretical Perspectives -- The Historical Origins of Francophone Africa -- The Challenges of Political Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Theoretical Overview -- Cases of Peaceful Regime Change -- Benin: First of the New Democracies -- Congo: Transition and the Struggle to Consolidate -- Niger: Regime Change, Economic Crisis, and Perpetuation of Privilege -- The Central African Republic: Political Reform and Social Malaise -- Old Faces, Moderate Reforms -- Burkina Faso: The “Rectification” of the Revolution -- Gabon: Limited Reform and Regime Survival -- Cameroon: Biya and Incremental Reform -- Côte d’Ivoire: Continuity and Change in a Semi-Democracy -- Senegal: The Evolution of a Quasi Democracy -- Opposition Without Reform -- Togo: The National Conference and Stalled Reform -- Zaire: Flying High Above the Toads: Mobutu and Stalemated Democracy -- Civil War and Political Change -- Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms -- Rwanda: Democratization and Disorder: Political Transformation and Social Deterioration

About the Author

John F. Clark is assistant professor of international relations at Florida International University. David E. Gardinier is professor of history at Marquette University. John F. Clark is assistant professor of international relations at Florida International University. David E. Gardinier is professor of history at Marquette University.