Table of Contents

SECTION I: Structures of Forest CanopiesChapter 1: The Nature of Forest Canopies Side Bar: Verticality and Habitat Analysis: MacArthur and Wilson"s Biogeography Theory Revisited Side Bar: Empty Space: Another View of Forest Canopy StructureChapter 2: Tropical Microclimate Considerations Chapter 3: Quantifying and Visualizing Canopy Structure in Tall Forests: Methods and a Case Study Side Bar: "Canopy Trekking": A Ground-Independent, Rope-Based Method for Horizontal Movement Chapter 4: Vertical Organization of Canopy Biota Side Bar: Macaws: Dispersers in a Tropical Habitat Side Bar: Vertical Stratification Among Neotropical Migrants Chapter 5: Age-Related Development of Canopy Structure and Its Ecological FunctionsSide Bar: Measuring Canopy Structure: The Forest Canopy Database Project Chapter 6: A History of Tree Canopies Side Bar: The Evolution of Rain Forest Animals Side Bar: The Botanical Ghosts of Evolution

SECTION II: Organisms in Forest CanopiesChapter 7: What Is Canopy Biology? A Microbial Perspective Side Bar: Arboreal Stromatolites: A 230 Million Year Old Record Chapter 8: Lichens and Bryophytes in Forest Canopies Chapter 9: Vascular Epiphytes Side Bar: Orchid Adaptations to an Epiphytic LifestyleSide Bar: Tank Bromeliads—Faunal EcologySide Bar: Strangler Fig Trees: Demons or Heroes of the Canopy?Chapter 10: Mistletoes: A Unique Constituent of Canopies Worldwide Chapter 11: Hidden in Plain Sight: Mites in the Canopy Chapter 12: Soil Microarthopods: Belowground Fauna that Sustain Forest Systems Chapter 13: Tardigrades: Bears of the Canopy Side Bar: Rotifers in the Water Film Chapter 14: The Biodiversity Question: How Many Species of Terrestrial Arthropods Are There? Side Bar: Insect Zoos as Windows into Forest Canopies Chapter 15: Physical Transport, Heterogeneity, and Interactions Involving Canopy Anoles Side Bar: The Color of Poison: Flamboyant Frogs in the Rain Forest Canopy Chapter 16: Ecology and Conservation of Canopy Mammals Side Bar: Vertical Stratification of Small Mammals in Lowland Rain Forest of the Australian Wet Tropics Side Bar: Body Mass of Gliding Mammals: An Energetic Approach Side Bar: Orangutans: The Largest Canopy Dwellers

SECTION III: Ecological Processes in Forest CanopiesChapter 17: Photosynthesis in Forest Canopies Chapter 18: Insect Herbivory in Tropical Forests Side Bar: Measuring Forest Herbivory Levels Using Canopy Cranes Side Bar: The Leipzig Canopy Crane Project: Biodiversity, Ecology, and Function in a Temperate Decidious Forest Chapter 19: Nutrient CyclingChapter 20: Reproductive Biology and Genetics of Tropical Trees from a Canopy Perspective Side Bar: DNA Sequences and Orchid Classification Chapter 21: Decomposition in Forest Canopies Chapter 22: Survival Strategies: A Matter of Life and Death

SECTION IV: Conservation and Forest CanopiesChapter 23: Tarzan or Jane? A Short History of Canopy Biology Side Bar: Canopy Walkways: Highways in the Sky Side Bar: International Canopy Crane Network Chapter 24: Economics and the Forest Canopy Side Bar: Ethnobotany in Forest Canopies Side Bar: The Value of Herbaria for Plant Conservation Chapter 25: Ecotourism and the Treetops Side Bar: A Climb for Conservation Side Bar: Florida From the Treetops Chapter 26: The Reintegration of Wonder into the Emerging Science of Canopy Ecology Side Bar: Global Canopy Programme: A Worldwide Alliance for Forest Studies Side Bar: International Canopy Network (ICAN)

Promotional Information

-Comprehensive literature list
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-Keywords and outlines for each chapter

About the Author

Biographical Sketch MARGARET DALZELL LOWMAN Chief Scientist, TREE Foundation In October 1999, Meg Lowman became the Chief Executive Officer of Selby Botanical Gardens, an institution that specializes in tropical plants, especially epiphytes. Under her leadership, the Gardens expanded membership by 45% and fund-raising by over 100%. For eight years prior, she had been the Director of Research and Conservation there, overseeing a staff of scientists and educators. Her expertise involves canopy ecology, particularly plant-insect relationships, and spans over 25 years in Australia, Peru, Africa, the Americas, and the South Pacific. She has authored over 80 peer-reviewed publications and three books. After eleven years of service, she resigned from Selby Gardens to devote more time to her passions for public science, pursuing research, education and conservation with TREE Foundation. Prior to joining Selby, Meg was an assistant professor in Biology and Environmental Studies at Williams College, Massachusetts where she pioneered several aspects of temperate forest canopy research and built the first canopy walkway in North America. From 1978-89, she lived in Australia and worked on canopy processes in both rain forests and dry sclerophyll forests. She was instrumental in determining the causes of the eucalypt dieback syndrome that destroyed millions of trees in rural Australia, and assisted with conservation programs for tree regeneration. She is also involved in long-term studies of rain forest regeneration. Meg has developed an expertise for the use of different canopy access techniques, including ropes, walkways, hot air balloons, construction cranes, and combinations of these methods. She frequently speaks about her jungle adventures and about rain forest conservation to educational groups, ranging from elementary classes to corporate executives to international conferences. She continues to travel worldwide to "map" the canopy for biodiversity, H. Bruce Rinker Director of Research & Conservation Administrator, Center for Canopy Ecology Marie Selby Botanical Gardens 811 South Palm Avenue Sarasota, FL 34236 U.S.A. 941-955-7553 ext. 15 (Voice) 941-951-1474 (Facsimile) brinker@selby.org H. Bruce Rinker, a 1979 graduate of VA TECH's College of Forestry and Wildlife Resources (Blacksburg, VA), is a doctoral candidate in environmental studies at Antioch New England Graduate School (Keene, NH). He was elected a National Fellow of the Explorers Club in March 1998, a Switzer Environmental Fellow in May 2000, and a Fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences in 2002. In September 2000, he became the director of canopy ecology at the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens in Sarasota, FL. In July 2002, Bruce was appointed the fifth director of research and conservation in the Gardens' history. Mr. Rinker is a member of the research board of directors for the Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies (ACTS) near Iquitos, Peru. On the editorial boards for BioScience Productions, Inc. and the international periodical, Selbyana, Mr. Rinker is also a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, the Florida Academy of Sciences, the National Association of Biology Teachers, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Organization of Tropical Studies, the Association for Tropical Biology, the Aldo Leopold Society, the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, the Society for Conservation Biology, and others. He has authored and co-authored numerous articles and has made presentations to audiences all over the world. Mr. Rinker's scientific expeditions include various trips to the Galapagos Islands; into the High Andes of Ecuador and Peru; the Amazon Basin of Ecuador, Brazil, and Peru; the rainforests of Australia, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Costa Rica and French Guyana; the Congo Basin of Cameroon, West Africa; the deserts and reefs of the Middle East; the sub-arctic regions of Labrador; and other places. H

Reviews

"An unequaled panorama of the rapidly developing insights of the once unobtainable canopy frontier...where exploration and discovery are at their most exciting...anyone interested in understanding forests can only do so with this valuable book." - Thomas E. Lovejoy, President, The Heinz Center for Science Economics and the Environment "A better understanding of forest canopies, their biodiversity and canopy processes is crucial to understanding and addressing many of today's environmental issues..[this volume] is a must-read for all those interested in forest canopies." -Nigel E. Stork, Rainforest CRC, James Cook University, TRENDS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, June 2005 "Each chapter is extensively referenced and accompanied by numerous figures and tables...This text is suitable for scientists, students, policy makers, conservationists, and educators." - SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST