The Penguin History of the Twentieth CenturyList of Maps
Foreword
Book 1: The World of 1901: Inheritances
1. By Way of Introduction
Our Century The weight of the past The different pasts of 1901
The 'civilized' world Culture and hegemony 'One-half of the
human species' Ideas with a future The scientific legacy
Movers and shakers
2. Structures
Human numbers The world's wealth Commerce States and
governments Monarchy Non-western government Islamic empires
The Unites States of America Latin America The international
order: power and great powers Potential for change
3. The White Man's World
Empires and imperialism The European empires Idealism,
interests and imagination Settlers and natives Imperialism and
international relations: the 'Scramble for Africa' Asian and
Pacific empire The imperial Unites States The South African
war
4. Shapes of Things to Come
Long-term demography The divisions of humanity A century of
growing wealth An industrializing world New technology
Medical science Communication Mass communication Changing
mentalities Acceleration and integration
Book 2: The Last Years of the European Ascendancy
5. European Exceptionalism
Europeans Privilege and unrest Socialism Mass politics and
nationalism Constitutional governments The German empire
Dynasticism Religion in European life Tensions and strains
Women in Europe
6. Europe as a System of Power
International order Alliances and entanglements The
dissatisfied and dangerous The appearance of security New
alignments Deepening divisions Young Turks Russia's changing
stance Agadir and after The Balkan wars
7. Challenges and Challengers in the Making
Change and perceptions of change in Asia The new Japan The end
of the Chinese empire The European empires in the Far East
Indo-China and Indonesia India under the Raj India enters the
twentieth century Egypt and the other end of Ottoman Africa
Ottoman empire east of Suez New actors in the imperial
drama
8. The Great War and the Beginning of the Twentieth-century
Revolution
The last crisis The end of an age The Great War The changing
world 1917 Revolutionary war Triumphs of nationality The
Ottoman collapse The end of the first German war
Book 3: The End Of The Old World Order
9. A Revolutionary Peace
The basis of settlement The League The international economy
Economic disorder in Europe Democracy and nationality
Revolution and counter-revolution The new Germany International
communism The new Russian empire A new autocracy A world
divided
10. Years of Illusion
A last flourish of empire Kemal Atatürk Iran New currents in
Europe's politics An authoritarian wave New uncertainties The
optimistic years Locarno and after An eastern enigma The
United States
Book 4: World Revolution
11. An Emerging Global History
The world depression Asia in the era of European civil war The
sequel to the Chinese revolution Japan The peace settlements
and Asia Chinese communism Japanese dynamism Civil war in
China The turning tide in India The United States Latin
America
12. The Path to World War
The approach to the abyss The Manchurian crisis The China
'incident' Indo-China and Indonesia between the wars The German
problem Adolf Hitler The German revolution The crumbling
balance of power Ideology's contamination of international
affairs Towards a new German war: the Spanish Civil War Hitler
moves beyond the German lands
13. The Second World War
From Blitzkrieg to Barbarossa German Europe World war The
conflation of wars Global conflict 1941-5 The meaning of
victory
Book Five: A New World
14. Appearance and Reality
Europe: amid the ruins The framework of recovery Reconstruction
Great power realities Friction The Truman doctrine and the
Marshall Plan
15. The Cold War Unrolls
Roots of conflict The Berlin crisis and NATO New nations: the
beginnings of decolonization Indian independence The last
throes of the Chinese revolution Imperial realities in 1945
Indo-China The running sore of the Ottoman Succession Cold and
hot war in Asia: Korea Stalin's legacy A divided Europe in a
dividing world
16. East Asia Reshaped
After empire The Indian sub-continent The 'Third World'
Indonesia The new China China's re-emergence as a world power
The great steersman Resurgent Japan
17. Africa and the Near East: Old and New Problems
Past history, new facts Pre-independence Africa The
independence process in Black Africa South Africa and Rhodesia
Disapppointment and disillusion Arab and Jew The Egyptian
revolution and after Algerian independence
Book 6: Shifting Foundations
18. Changing Minds
New ways of seeing the world The management of the natural world
Power Communications and information technology The life
sciences Medical science Space and the public imagination
Promise and misgiving Facing new issues
19. New Economic and Social Worlds
In the long run Europe's 'golden age' Eastern Europe World
contrasts Changing lifestyles The oil crisis and after
Structural changes Cultural consequences in a wealthier world
Globalization
20. Authority and Its New Challengers
A liberating century Dissolving certainty Religion in the later
twentieth century Government, democracy and nationalism
Challenges to the state Women The Pill New waves Women in
the non-western world Youth
Book 7. A Changing World Balance
21. The Cold War at Its Height
After Stalin The second Berlin crisis Latin America enters
world politics Cuba The aftermath in Latin America The
changing USSR The changing United States
22. Vietnam and After
The American entanglement The changing Asian context Oil and
the Israel problem The Iranian revolution Islam in
international affairs An uneasy Latin America
23. The Reshaping of Europe
Seeds of unity The division of Europe National interests
Ostpolitik The path to Helsinki The British crisis
Book 8: The End Of An Era
24. A World in Evolution
The last years of Chairman Mao New patterns Japan: the new
world power The Indian democracy Africa's enduring
problems
25. Crumbling Certainties
Seeds of doubt American misgivings Disordered Islam The last
phase of Cold War Changing eastern Europe Polish revolution
The crumbling of the Soviet system A new Germany
26. Post Cold War Realities
The Gulf War Persisting dangers The end of the Soviet Union A
new Russia New European security problems The end of Yugoslavia
Nationality and ethnicity in the new Europe European
integration Qualified re-orientation: the United Kingdom
Changes in China Tiananmen
27. Fin-de-siècle
Problems of peacekeeping Europe after Maastricht A common
currency Enlarging Europe A troubled Far East The Indian
sub-continent The United States at the end of the century Pax
Americana
28. Retrospect
Historical importance The great upheavals The mythology of
human happiness Mastery of the material world The first world
civilization Today's political world Conclusion
Appendix: The Exploration of Space
Index
J M Roberts is the author of THE PENGUIN HISTORY OF THE WORLD and was historical adviser to the BBC television series PEOPLE'S CENTURY.
A book that deserves the widest reading. (The New York Times Book Review)
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