Table of Contents

Foreword to Ed. 3

Introduction

Section 1. Properties of Neuroglial Cells

Evolution of glial cells: insights from Non-Mammalian Glia
1 Evolution of glial cells, Christian Klämbt
2 Invertebrate glia, Marc R. Freeman
3 Non-mammalian, vertebrate glia, Bruce Appel

Morphology, Ultrastructure and Identification
4 ASTROCYTES AND EPENDYMAL GLIA, Andreas Reichenbach and Hartwig Wolburg
5 Radial glial cells, Magdalena Götz
6 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF OLIGODENDROCYTES, Arthur M. Butt
7 Schwann cells and myelin, by Rudolf Martini and Ágnes Patzkó
8 Microglial Cells, Wolfgang J. Streit
9 Pericytes of the central nervous system, Martin Krueger and Ingo Bechmann
10 NG2 Cells (Polydendrocytes), Akiko Nishiyama
11 Glial Cells in autonomic and sensory ganglia, Menachem Hanani and David C. Spray

Lineage and development
12 Astrocyte Development, James E. Goldman
13 Lineage and development: Oligodendrocytes, Katsuhiko Ono and Kazuhiro Ikenaka
14 THE SCHWANN CELL LINEAGE: CELLULAR TRANSITIONS DURING DEVELOPMENT AND AFTER INJURY, Kristján R.Jessen and Rhona Mirsky
15 MICROGLIA LINEAGE AND DEVELOPMENT, Marco Prinz

Physiological Properties
16 Physiology of astrocytes: Ion channels and ion transporters, Christian Steinhäuser, Gerald Seifert, and Joachim W. Deitmer
17 Release of gliotransmitters and transmitter receptors in astrocytes, Helmut Kettenmann and Robert Zorec
18 Storage and release of non-transmitter signaling molecules from macroglia, Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach AND KLAUS UNSICKER
19 Physiology of microglia, Mami Noda & Alexei Verkhratsky
20 Physiology of Oligodendrocytes, Vittorio Gallo and Jean-Marie Mangin
21 Physiological Properties of NG2+ Glial Cells, Dwight E. Bergles
22 Cytokine, chemokine and growth factor receptors and signaling, H.W.G.M. Boddeke, B.J.L. Eggen, and K.P.H. Biber
23 Lipids, lipid mediators and other signaling molecules, Hideki Hayashi
24 Gap Junctions and Hemichannels, Bruce R. Ransom and Christian Giaume
25 Purinergic Mechanisms in Glial Cells, Margaret S. Ho and Shumin Duan
26 Calcium signalling in neuroglia, Alexei Verkhratsky & Vladimir Parpura
27 The Central Role of Astrocytes in Neuroenergetics, Pierre J. Magistretti and Luc Pellerin

Genomic Profiles
28 The Astrocyte Transcriptome, Ditte Lovatt and Maiken Nedergaard
29 Gene expression patterns of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and oligodendroglia, Fraser J. Sim and Steven A. Goldman

Section 2. Functions of Neuroglial Cells

Astrocytes
30 Outer Subventricular Zone Radial Glial Cells, Xiaoqun Wang and Arnold R. Kriegstein
31 Glial control of synaptogenesis, Nicola J. Allen
32 Neuron Migration and Axon Guidance, Andreas Faissner
33 The Role of Glia in the Formation and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Istvan Krizbai, Imola Wilhelm, Hans-Christian Bauer and Hannelore Bauer
34 Control of the extracellular ionic environment and volume, Eva Syková
35 Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Removal, Arne Schousboe, Lasse K. Bak, Karsten K. Madsen and Helle S. Waagepetersen
36 Glycogen and Energy Metabolism, Angus Brown
37 Astrocyte regulation of neurovascular control, Clare Howarth, Grant R.J. Gordon and Brian A. MacVicar
38 Modulation of synaptic function and network activity, Andrea Volterra
39 Astrocytic modulation of mammalian synapses circuits and behaviors, Michael M. Halassa and Philip G. Haydon
40 Adult neurogenesis, Gerd Kempermann
41 Modulation of neuroendocrine systems, Stéphane H. R. Oliet

Oligodendrocytes/Schwann cells
42 Myelin, Impulse Conduction, and the Pathophysiology of Demyelination, Lakshmi Bangalore and Stephen G. Waxman
43 Transcription factors in myelinating cells, Michael Wegner
44 Factors controlling myelin formation , Ruth Stassart, Sandra Goebbels, Klaus-Armin Nave
45 Regulation of Myelination by Functional Activity, R. Douglas Fields
46 Iron and Glia, James R. Connor

Microglia
47 Role of microglia in the normal brain, Frank Kirchhoff
48 Factors controlling microglial activation, Uwe-Karsten Hanisch
49 Roles of activated microglia, Kelly R Miller, Stefan Prokop & Frank L Heppner
50 Immune functions of microglia, Trevor Owens

Section 3. Role of glial cells in disease

Mechanisms of glial injury
51 Astrocyte Responses to CNS Injury and Disease, Michael V. Sofroniew
52 Metabolic injury of oligodendrocytes and myelin, Peter K. Stys
53 Interaction of microglia with neurons and astrocytes under lesioned neuronal conditions, Kazuyuki Nakajima and Shinichi Kohsaka
54 Schwann cells and injury, Violetta Zujovic and Alexandros A. Lavdas

Recovery of Neural Function
55 NERVE REGENERATION IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEm, Tessa Gordon and Olawale AR Sulaiman
56 Nerve fibre regeneration in the CNS of higher vertebrates, Anita D. Buchli and, Martin E. Schwab
57 GLIAL CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR CNS REPAIR, Anne Baron-van Evercooren and Rebecca Matsas

Diseases:
58 Focal cerebral ischemia: The multifaceted role of glial cells, Ulrich Dirnagl, Bruce R. Ransom, and Josef Priller

Gliomas:
59 Malignant Glioma, Dolores Hambardzumyan, Shannon Donnola and Rebecca Bish
60 Glial tumors in Neurofibromatosis and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Anthony J. Apicelli and David H. Gutmann

Demyelinating diseases
61 Multiple Sclerosis, Monika Bradl and Hans Lassmann
62 Genetic mutations affecting myelin formation, Steven S. Scherer, M. Laura Feltri, and Lawrence Wrabetz

Neurodegenerative Diseases
63 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Rita Sattler and Jeffrey Rothstein
64 Alzheimer's disease, Andrew Kraft and Jin-Moo Lee
65 Huntington disease, Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, Thomas Möller

Infectious diseases
66 Glia in Bacterial and Viral CNS Infections, Gwenn Garden
Miscellaneous diseases 67 Neuroglia in Hepatic Encephalopathy, Mireille Bélanger, Javier Vaquero, and Roger F. Butterworth
68 Microglia and Pain, Simon Beggs, Tuan Trang and Michael W. Salter
69 Genetic disorders affecting astrocytes, Albee Messing and Michael Brenner
70 Epilepsy, Detlev Boison
71 Psychiatric Disorders, Josef Priller

About the Author

Helmut Kettenmann, PhD, Research Group Leader, Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany

Bruce R. Ransom, MD, PhD, Warren and Jermaine Magnuson Professor and Chair, Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA