Table of Contents

Introduction Oliver Leaman TEXTS 1: The Qur’an: Ritual, Practice, Embodiment and Culture Natana J. DeLong-Bas 2: Hadith Mansur Ali GROUPS 3: The Hanafis Hamza Dudgeon 4: The Hanbalis: the Later-Generation and the development of the mu‘tamad opinions Jewel Jalil and Saud al-Sarhan 5: Malikis Delfina Serrano-Ruano 6: Salafi Ritual Law and Practice Richard Gauvain 7: The Shafiʿis Nuha Alshaar 8: Shi‘i Rituals and Practices Liyakat Takim 9: The Ismailis: History, Doctrines and Ritual Practices Shiraz Kabani 10: Ibadis Adam Gaiser 11: Ritual Practices among the ʿAlawis, the Druze, the Ahmadis, and Black Muslims Fachrizal Halim 12: Sufis: Invoking God’s name and the Practice of Dhikr Raid al-Daghistani 13: Returning to God: Constructing Agency Through the Practice of Dhikr in Sufi Islam Feyza Akova PRACTICES 14: Prayer Stephen Burge 15: Language, Ritual and non-Ritual Prayer: Salat and Do’a Niloofar Haeri 16: Qur’an Recital Lauren Osborn 17: Ramadan Herman Beck 18: Mawlid Andrea Stanton 19: Circumcision Shazia Moosa, Mahnoor Nawab, Hira Zuberi, Lubna Samad 20: Halal Slaughter John Lever and Awal Fuseini 21: Tahara Serdar Kurnaz 22: The Social Dynamics of Khulʿ: The Experience of German Muslims Mahmoud Jaraba 23: Islamic Fashion Heather Akou 24: Young adults: Fueling Young Muslim Adults’ Religiosity by Connecting Islamic Beliefs and Practices across their Development Mona Abo-Zena and Abdul-Malik Merchant PLACES 25: Sacred space Simon O’Meara 26: Sacred spaces: adaptation and early Islam Essam Ayyad 27: Twelver Shi‘a Pilgrimage – Ziyara Ingvild Flaskerud 28: Ziyara (ʿAlawi Ritual and Practice) Amelia Gallagher 29: The Qibla: Ritual Orientation in the Formation of Islamic Collective Identity Ari Gordon OTHERS 30: Animals as Agents? A Qur’anic View Asmaa El Maaroufi 31: Heresy or Moral Imperative? Islamic Perspectives on Veganism Zinnira Shaikh 32: "Islamic reformism": colonial influence on Muslim intellectual practice Mohamed Amine Brahimi 33: Qur’an, Rituals and Muslim Memory of Jews Mehnaz M. Afridi 34: Muslim attitudes to Christian ritual and practice Clinton Bennett 35: Interfaith Practices Elizabeth Becker 36: Ritual, Embodiment and Creativity in the Muslim Diaspora: Transnational Migrations and Symbolic Returns Pnina Werbner 37: The Secular World Ufuk Topkara 38: Rituals, equality, and difference Oliver Leaman Index

About the Author

Oliver Leaman writes on philosophy and religion, and his latest book is Islam and Morality, 2019.