Table of Contents

1. Introduction, Nigel Ashton and Bryan Gibson Part I: Waging the War 2. Lessons Learned: Civil Military Relations during the Iran-Iraq War and its influence on the 1991 Gulf War and 2003 Iraq War, Ibrahim Al-Marashi 3. Saddam and the Iran-Iraq War: Rule from the Top, Williamson Murray and Kevin Woods 4. Mustazafin and Taghutti: Iran and the War, 1980-1988, Rob Johnson Part II: Economic Dimensions of the War 5. The True Role of Oil in the Outcome of the Iran-Iraq War: Some Important Lessons in Historical context, Farzin Nadimi 6. The Finances of War: Iraq, credit and conflict, September 1980 - August 1990, Glen Rangwala Part III: Regional Perspectives 7. The Gulf States and the Iran-Iraq War: Cooperation and Confusion, Kristian Coates-Ulrichsen 8. The Ostensible ‘Silent Victor’ – The Long-Term Impact of the Iran-Iraq War on Turkey’s Regional Position and Neighborly Relations, Elliot Hen-Tov Part IV: American Policy and the War 9. Reappraising the Carter Administration’s Response, Chris Emery 10. Changing American Perspectives on the Iraq- Iran War, Judith Yaphe 11. Critical Oral History: A New Approach to Examining the United States’ Role in the War, Malcolm Byrne Part V: International Perspectives on the War 12. France’s Discrete Involvement in the Iran-Iraq War, Pierre Razoux 13. The Soviet Union and the Iran-Iraq War, Artemy Kalinovsky

About the Author

Nigel Ashton is Professor in International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is author/editor of six books, including, most recently, King Hussein of Jordan: A Political Life (2008).

Bryan Gibson is a PhD Candidate in International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is the author of Covert Relationship: American Foreign Policy, Intelligence, and the Iran–Iraq War, 1980–88 (2010).