Table of Contents

PREFACE vii

CONTRIBUTORS xi

1 THE NIH HUMAN MICROBIOME PROJECT 1
Lita M. Proctor, Shaila Chhibba, Jean McEwen, Jane Peterson, Chris Wellington, Carl Baker, Maria Giovanni, Pamela McInnes, and R. Dwayne Lunsford

2 METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE HUMAN BODY 51
Christine Bassis, Vincent Young, and Thomas Schmidt

3 PHYLOARRAYS 75
Eoin L. Brodie and Susan V. Lynch

4 MATHEMATICAL APPROACHES FOR DESCRIBING MICROBIAL POPULATIONS: PRACTICE AND THEORY FOR EXTRAPOLATION OF RICH ENVIRONMENTS 85
Manuel E. Lladser and Rob Knight

5 TENSION AT THE BORDER: HOW HOST GENETICS AND THE ENTERIC MICROBIOTA CONSPIRE TO PROMOTE CROHN’S DISEASE 105
Daniel N. Frank and Ellen Li

6 THE HUMAN AIRWAY MICROBIOME 119
Edith T. Zemanick and J. Kirk Harris

7 MICROBIOTA OF THE MOUTH: A BLESSING OR A CURSE? 135
Angela H. Nobbs, David Dymock, and Howard F. Jenkinson

8 MICROBIOTA OF THE GENITOURINARY TRACT 167
Laura K. Sycuro and David N. Fredricks

9 FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 211

Alexander Swidsinski and Vera Loening-Baucke

10 FROM FLY TO HUMAN: UNDERSTANDING HOW COMMENSAL MICROORGANISMS INFLUENCE HOST IMMUNITY AND HEALTH 255
June L. Round

11 INSIGHTS INTO THE HUMAN MICROBIOME FROM ANIMAL MODELS 273
Bethany A. Rader and Karen Guillemin

12 TO GROW OR NOT TO GROW: ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION PROCEDURES IN THE GENOMIC AGE 289
Karsten Zengler

13 NEW APPROACHES TO CULTIVATION OF HUMAN MICROBIOTA 303
Slava S. Epstein, Maria Sizova, and Amanda Hazen

14 MANIPULATING THE INDIGENOUS MICROBIOTA IN HUMANS: PREBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS, AND SYNBIOTICS 315
George T. Macfarlane and Sandra Macfarlane

INDEX 339

About the Author

David Fredricks is an expert in infectious diseases and the human indigenous microbiota, with a research focus on the bacterial biota of the human vagina and how changes in the composition of vaginal microbes lead to the syndrome bacterial vaginosis. He has authored more than 32 peer reviewed journal articles, 7 book chapters, and 9 editorials or invited reviews. He has been a peer reviewer for more than a dozen major medical and infectious diseases journals, and has served on several NIH study sections.

Reviews

Overall, this book provides a concise overview of thehuman microbiota in and on different body sites, a bit too concisefor me. It fulfils the intention to discuss many different bodysites but in doing so neglects to get to the detailed descriptionof the human microbiota, let alone to give a good overview of theirrole in health and disease. (BeneficialMicrobes, 1 March 2014) Having said that, I m sure the book will be ofinterest to all those studying the effects of micro-organisms onthe human body. (Microbiology Today, 30 August2013)