Table of Contents

Preface vii Chapter 1 Yesterday's Birds 1 Chapter 2 The Origin and Diversification of Species 43 Chapter 3 Birds on the Tree of Life 75 Chapter 4 Ebb and Flow 117 Chapter 5 Ecological Adaptations for Breeding 161 Chapter 6 Form and Function 201 Chapter 7 The Study of Instinct 245 Chapter 8 Behavior as Adaptation 287 Chapter 9 Selection in Relation to Sex 323 Chapter 10 Population Studies of Birds 355 Chapter 11 Tomorrow's Birds 389 Afterword 425 Appendix 1: Some Histories of Ornithology 431 Appendix 2: Five Hundred Ornithologists 434 Notes 443 References 467 Index 497 Image Credits 519

About the Author

Tim Birkhead is professor of zoology at the University of Sheffield, where he teaches and conducts research on the behavioral ecology of birds with particular focus on reproduction. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and his books include "The Wisdom of Birds" and "Bird Sense". Jo Wimpenny was a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Sheffield during the writing of this book. Bob Montgomerie is professor of biology at Queen's University in Ontario, where he studies the evolution of plumage colors and sexual behavior in birds.

Reviews

Winner of the 2015 PROSE Award in History of Science, Medicine & Technology, Association of American Publishers One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2014 "A definitive, accessible and sumptuously illustrated primer of biological theory past and present... An inspiring and formidable resource for the historian as well as the fledgling scientist."--Helen Macdonald, Times Literary Supplement "Compulsively readable."--Ben Sheldon, Nature "Attention bird lovers: you will certainly want to add this attractive volume to your reference shelf... What makes this book so desirable ... is its authoritative review of the most pivotal discoveries in avifauna of the last 150 years, especially as they fit into broader general themes of science."--Laurence Marschall, Natural History Magazine "An excellent history of the study of birds in modern times."--Matt Merritt, Bird Watching "'Hugely impressive' it truly is and it deserves the widest audience."--Bo Beolens, Fatbirder "A riveting, entertaining, enlightening and frequently inspirational read... I imagine that Ten Thousand Birds: Ornithology since Darwin is a book which will be bought by every professional or amateur ornithologist the world over. Almost certainly it will be on a wish list of many, many amateur and professional naturalists, whether their specialty is birds, bees, butterflies or other more esoteric disciplines."--Phil Slade, Another Bird Blog "Lovingly well-researched and beautifully written... Definitive, absorbing and highly recommended."--Adrian Barnett, New Scientist "The authors have walked that fine line between superb research and scientific context, and making their work palpable for mere humans. This a book for the ornithologists obviously, but also for all scientists, for teachers, and even the adventurous. It's for biographers, editors, and writers. Serious readers will also probably enjoy this too."--Alan Speakman, eBirdseed.com "It's inspiring to see that research is able to shake up our understanding of things we 'know' to things that 'are.' If you are someone who appreciates the science behind birds, you will love this book. Even if you're a scientific history buff with a casual fancy for birds, you'll enjoy this book. With a beautiful cover, crisp illustrated timelines, and gorgeous chapter paintings, this book will hold a solid spot on any bookshelf."--Steve Brenner, Nemesis Bird "This is a masterly overview of a broad and complex subject, comprehensive and well written... It should be required reading for ornithology students, providing an essential context for their studies, but it will also appeal to the general reader and birdwatcher too, providing ample confirmation of the contribution which ornithological science has made to our understanding of birds and the wider natural world."--Andy Stoddart, Rare Bird Alert "An account that will delight anyone who has studied birds or has an interest in their myriad forms."--Mike Toms, BBC Wildlife Magazine "It should be required reading for ornithology students, providing an essential context for their studies, but it will also appeal to the general reader and birdwatcher too, providing ample confirmation of the contribution which ornithological science has made to our understanding of birds and the wider natural world."--North Norfolk Birds "The book is as fascinating about the messy business of doing science as it is about the progression of ideas... The book's vast scope inevitably leaves the reader wanting more, which is of course the best way to be beguiled."--Claire Spottiswoode, Times Higher Education "All those interested in birds will enjoy reading it."--Gerry Rising, Buffalo News "I absolutely love this book as I'm fascinated about the advancement we have made and are making in avian biology and behavior. I have always watched and read almost anything I can find on birds over the years and I simply couldn't put this book down as its such an original idea for a book."--Gadget Girls "The book is also full of useful information. It's chock-full of interesting facts about birds and about how their study has evolved, making it essential reading for the ornithologically minded."--Bob Grant, Scientist "[The] three authors present an enormous amount of information both easily readable and thoroughly engaging, and illustrate the importance of the contributions of individuals throughout history as well as the story of ornithology itself. This is a landmark achievement for the study of ornithology and even those with just a casual interest in birds will lose themselves in these pages."--Birding Business "The amount of scholarship and research done by these authors is astounding and the book is an amazingly enlightening, readable and enjoyable tome of over 500 pages... This is not a book for bird listers. It is a book for anyone fascinated about birds as organisms in dynamic ecosystems. And it is especially for those interested in how science progresses historically. I highly recommend Ten Thousand Birds for all students and practitioners of biological or ecological sciences and research, for conservationists and naturalists, and for anyone interested in the who, why, how, and when of ornithological research. I was captivated."--Dan Kunkle, Wildlife Activist "This is the best history of ornithology ever... [The authors] explain the often complex, theoretical, or detailed schools of thought and research about birds in entertaining and authoritative ways. Their four-and-a-half-pound monograph is richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced... What might have been a clunky, laborious catalog of often arcane academic endeavors is instead very readable and comprehensible, as well as comprehensive... Most highly recommended for academic and larger public libraries and for all interested in nature and science."--Henry T. Armistead, Library Journal "This is an excellent primer on the movers and shakers of modern avian research but remains readable throughout... There are useful timelines in each chapter showing the development of each strand of ornithology during recent history and plenty of interesting digressions which do not distract from the main thrust of the book. For an understanding of how we got to where we are in today's ornithological world, there are few better guides."--David Callahan, Birdwatch Magazine "A detailed review of the history of ornithology and chronicles the major breakthroughs in the past 150 years and the people who accomplished them. Why undertake such a lengthy and comprehensive review? First, these innovative studies on birds had a broader impact on our understanding of nature and science during the 20th century. Second, much of this history has been buried under an explosion of scientific publications in the past few decades, making it difficult for even the most conscientious researcher to appreciate the deep history of their own field. Birkhead, Wimpenny and Montgomerie go beyond the usual cast of characters and find clever studies published by little-known scientists who were often overlooked or ignored by the big players even in their time. This book was written primarily for a scientific audience, but there is also much of interest to an attentive and patient non-specialist... Delving into the details of the evolution, ecology, physiology and behaviour of birds can be rewarding because it empowers you to enjoy nature even more."--Bridget J.M. Stutchbury, Literary Review of Canada "[A] handsome history of modern ornithology... Birkhead, Wimpenny, and Montgomerie fill 11 readable chapters ... addressing ecology, behavior, conservation, and other major areas of ornithological science. Their chief achievement, though, is bringing to life the visionary, sometimes controversial, and typically brilliant researchers who have enriched our bird knowledge since the middle of the 19th century--Erwin Stresemann, Ernst Mayr, Julian Huxley, David Lack, Niko Tinbergen, Robert MacArthur, Charles Sibley, Alexander Skutch, Gustav Kramer, Steve Emlen, and many more. An editorial tenet of this magazine has long held that how we learn can be just as interesting as what we learn. This fine book proves the point."--BirdWatching Magazine "There are now many books describing different aspects and interpretations of the history of ornithology. Ten Thousand Birds is an outstanding contribution to the genre, skilfully doubling as a text covering many of the most exciting developments on the subject. Readers of British Birds will find much to enjoy and learn within its weighty pages, at a price that is extraordinarily good value. Highly recommended."--Alan Knox, British Birds "Ten thousand birds directs ... affection towards the ornithologists themselves. It provides an astute evaluation of the ornithological developments of the past 150 years, that will be of interest to both professional ornithologists and historians of science."--Natalie Lawrence, Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences "It must be the most complete history of ornithology ever written. It is detailed, dauntingly comprehensive, and opinionated. It not only attempts to summarize modern ornithology--which is to say virtually all ornithology (a graph on the second page shows the number of ornithological papers rising from about 10 in 1865 to nearly 20,000 by the year 2000)--it tells the story of the ornithologists themselves, and interviews important living examples, who present their arguments or stories in their own words."--Stephen J. Bodio, Living Bird "Excellent... Generously illustrated... Above all this book provides an account of how science is done in the real world by real people with all of the strengths, flaws and vanities of real people. It shows how good science is done and that even scientific dead-ends and near misses are valuable in contributing to good and lasting agreement in science."--Walter G. Ellison, Maryland Yellowthroat "This fascinating, wide-ranging synthesis of ornithological history since Darwin brings a mix of science, discovery, innovation, eccentricity, and personality to ornithology... It will be of interest to professional ornithologists, and people interested in animal behavior, physiology, evolution, science history, as well as birders, naturalists, and conservationists. Philosophers of science will find it a fascinating history of the development of ornithological thought since Darwin. I highly recommend the book--I found it fascinating."--Joanna Burger, Journal of Field Ornithology "The charming and witty work fills the needs of academic scientists and researchers as well as serious birders... Anyone interested in natural science, birds, and history will enjoy this book immensely."--Choice "Ten Thousand Birds provides a thoroughly engaging and authoritative history of modern ornithology."--Mike Thornton, Scottish Birds "[A] scholarly and thought-provoking book. The authors should be congratulated and the work itself should be on the shelves of anybody remotely interested in the history of natural history and particularly the history of ornithology."--William Noblett, Archives of Natural History "The volume strikes a fine balance between photos and text without being overly photocentric... Ten Thousand Birds is a solid read for students of nature, avian enthusiasts, and scientists."--Howard O. Clark, Jr., Western North American Naturalist "Appealing to both birders and scientists, Ten Thousand Birds: Ornithology since Darwin engages the reader on a journey through the history of modern ornithology from ornithology as a young science to ornithology as it is today... Certainly an appealing read for those interested in ornithology as a science."--Tyler M. Harms, Iowa Bird Life "The primary intent of the authors is to present the history of modern ornithology in a readable fashion, and in this book they definitely achieve that goal... A marvelous history of modern ornithology."--Gene Wilhelm, Pennsylvania Birds