Table of Contents

List of Illustrations vii Preface ix Introduction 1 Chapter One: People and Places 17 Chapter Two: Conquering and Ruling Premodern Afghanistan 66 Chapter Three: Anglo-Afghan Wars and State Building in Afghanistan 110 Chapter Four: Afghanistan in the Twentieth Century: State and Society in Conflict 164 Chapter Five: Afghanistan Enters the Twenty- first Century 272 Chapter Six: Some Conclusions 337 Notes 351 References 359 Index 367

About the Author

Thomas Barfield is professor of anthropology at Boston University. His books include "The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, 221 BC to AD 1757"; "The Central Asian Arabs of Afghanistan"; and "Afghanistan: An Atlas of Indigenous Domestic Architecture".

Reviews

"[I]mpressive."--Christopher de Bellaigue, New York Review of Books "This book is an authoritative and well-written summary of what we might call the majority view. There is a streak in this book, however, of more radical thinking... It leads him near the end of the book to some startling predictions for Afghanistan's possible futures."--Gerard Russell, Foreign Policy "Thomas Barfield's new book offers a remedy for Americans' pervasive ignorance of Afghanistan... Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History is an invaluable book. Mr. Barfield does not give the United States a way out of Afghanistan, but he does provide the context necessary for good policymaking."--Doug Bandow, Washington Times "A brilliant book to educate all of us about a country we should know and appreciate... Thomas Barfield's book on Afghanistan is likely to become the first source that serious students turn to as a guide to this complicated country. His comprehensive portrait of Afghanistan is a stunning achievement."--Joseph Richard Preville, Saudi Gazette "Barfield, an anthropologist and old Afghanistan hand, has written a history of Afghanistan that weaves in geography, economics, and culture (think tribes, rural-urban dichotomies, value systems) while maintaining a focus throughout on Afghan rulers' relations with their own people and the outside world. [The book] is lightened by many breaks in the narrative to address broad themes or make intriguing comparisons, such as likening patrimonial Afghanistan to medieval Europe."--Foreign Affairs "In this riveting study, Barfield does a splendid job of informing us why Afghanistan is the way it has always been."--Daily Star "Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History by Thomas Barfield is a primer for anyone seeking to understand the region, its cultural and political underpinnings."--Raghu Mohan, BusinessWorld "Barfield shows how Afghan notions of political legitimacy and social organization are eerily timeless... This book may change the way you think about Afghanistan."--Brian Kappler, Montreal Gazette "Impressive... Barfield traces much of what Afghanistan is about to its geography and to developments from thousands of years ago, but he also asserts that the decade of Russian occupation changed Afghanistan permanently."--Harry Eagar, Maui News "Despite a plethora of books about Afghanistan in the last few years, a good book on the country has not been published since Louis Dupress's 1973 Afghanistan. Maybe the long wait is over. Barfield's new book ... comes close to matching Dupree's sweeping sense of Afghanistan's complicated history and culture. An anthropologist, as was Dupree, who personally visited most areas of Afghanistan, Barfield is able to put the bewildering complexity of tribes, ethnic groups, religious sects, warlords, and political feuds that is Afghanistan into a coherent whole that is both readable and informative."--Choice "Thomas Barfield ... has provided a rich discussion of the anthropological and historical context for developing such a formula, which is a critical missing piece in the Obama Administration's policy in Afghanistan... Barfield has given us a valuable effort by a Westerner to decode a very foreign society--never an easy task. As a prism through which to understand the current conflict in Afghanistan, this book reminds us that war is about politics and that policies is about who rules and how rule is legitimated."--Marin Strmecki, American Interest "[Barfield's] deep knowledge brings clarity to a frightfully complicated region that has been and will continue to be of extraordinary importance to policy debates. Scholarly experts in search of an exhaustive reference to the region and those seeking an introduction to the ins and outs of Afghan history will find this book of interest."--Malou Innocent, CATO Journal "Anyone who wishes to comprehend the intricacies of this complex and mysterious country would be wise to consult this exceedingly valuable book."--Raphael Israeli, Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs "Overall, Barfield is successful in his attempts to render the history of Afghanistan legible to the trained or casual reader. His clear and approachable writing style, use of narrative, metaphor and personal stories to illustrate his arguments, thoroughness and quickness of pace, and his clear personal joy, investment and fascination with the country make this a highly readable--and more--digestible, historical account... It is, in the end, a fascinating read and a tremendous resource."--Rebecca Gang, Jura Gentium "Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History makes a serious attempt to survey and analyze the changing political, cultural, and social landscapes of the country from the ancient time to the present. It provides meaningful and objective insights into governance, state legitimacy, social and economic development, and foreign interventions, and Afghan responses to them, with an admirable degree of thoughtfulness and fluency."--Amin Saikal, Marine Corps University Journal "Barfield has written a magnificent, learned, provoking book. He knows Afghanistan better than almost anyone writing on the topic today. He matches that knowledge with keen insight into how human societies grow and change. Barfield helps us think well about a complex and distant land, which is no small achievement."--Paul D. Miller, Books and Culture "Barfield offers a critique of U.S. and Western strategy in Afghanistan that will likely generate controversy, but strategists, planners, and those on missions in Afghanistan ignore them at their peril. Highly recommended."--Prisco R. Hernandez, Military Review "In his admirable volume on Afghanistan, Thomas Barfield has written a real tour de force... No one should venture today into Afghanistan, in whatever capacity, without first reading this guide for the perplexed."--Raphael Israeli, European Legacy "Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand either the history of Afghanistan or what is happening there now."--Danny Yee, Danny Reviews