Table of Contents

*Frontmatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. v*Introduction, pg. vii*1. The Ottoman Empire and the Beginning of Reform Movement, pg. 3*2. The Establishment and Development of the Republic, pg. 32*3. The Economic and Social Transformation, pg. 77*4. The Social Classes and Wartime Developments, pg. 98*5. The Beginning of Liberalization and the Establishment of Opposition Parties, pg. 137*6. The Struggle to Assure the Survival of the Opposition, pg. 169*7. Dissension in Government and Opposition Parties, pg. 197*8. The Struggle for Government Power, pg. 223*General Remarks, pg. 245*9. Nationalism-Milliyetcilik-and Racialism, pg. 251*10. Secularism-Laiklik-Religion and Politics, pg. 271*11. Statism-Devletcilik-and Economic Development, pg. 293*12. Populism-Halkcilik-and Social Classes, pg. 308*13. Reformism-Inkilapcilik-Westernization and Behavioral Changes, pg. 324*14. Communism and its Effects, pg. 349*15. The Political Regime and Political Parties, pg. 387*16. Summary and the Outlook for the Future, pg. 442*Bibliography, pg. 461*Index of Names, pg. 499*Index of Subjects, pg. 511