Table of Contents

List of Contributors viii

Introduction 1
CHARLES BOBERG, JOHN NERBONNE, AND DOMINIC WATT

Section 1: Theory (section editor: Dominic Watt) 1

Section Introduction
DOMINIC WATT

1 Dialectology, Philology, and Historical Linguistics 23
RAYMOND HICKEY

2 The Dialect Dictionary 39
JACQUES VAN KEYMEULEN

3 Linguistic Atlases 57
WILLIAM A. KRETZSCHMAR, JR.

4 Structural Dialectology 73
MATTHEW J. GORDON

5 Dialectology and Formal Linguistic Theory: The Blind Man and the Lame 88
FRANS HINSKENS

6 Sociodialectology 106
TORE KRISTIANSEN

7 Dialectometry 123
HANS GOEBL

8 Dialect Contact and New Dialect Formation 143
DAVID BRITAIN

9 Dialect Change in Europe—Leveling and Convergence 159
PETER AUER

10 Perceptual Dialectology 177
DENNIS R. PRESTON

11 Dialect Intelligibility 204
CHARLOTTE GOOSKENS

12 Applied Dialectology: Dialect Coaching, Dialect Reduction, and Forensic Phonetics 219
DOMINIC WATT

Section 2: Methods (section editor: John Nerbonne) 233

Section Introduction
JOHN NERBONNE

13 Dialect Sampling Methods 241
RONALD MACAULAY

14 The Dialect Questionnaire 253
CARMEN LLAMAS

15 Written Dialect Surveys 268
J.K. CHAMBERS

16 Field Interviews in Dialectology 284
GUY BAILEY

17 Corpus‐Based Approaches to Dialect Study 300
BENEDIKT SZMRECSANYI AND LIESELOTTE ANDERWALD

18 Acoustic Phonetic Dialectology 314
ERIK R. THOMAS

19 Computational Dialectology 330
WILBERT HEERINGA AND JELENA PROKIĆ

20 Dialect Maps 348
STEFAN RABANUS

21 Identifying Regional Dialects in On‐Line Social Media 368
JACOB EISENSTEIN

22 Logistic Regression Analysis of Linguistic Data 384
JOHN C. PAOLILLO

23 Statistics for Aggregate Variationist Analyses 400
JOHN NERBONNE AND MARTIJN WIELING

24 Spatial Statistics for Dialectology 415
JACK GRIEVE

Section 3: Data (section editor: Charles Boberg) 435

Section Introduction
CHARLES BOBERG

25 Dialects of British and Southern Hemisphere English 439
KEVIN WATSON

26 Dialects of North American English 450
CHARLES BOBERG

27 Dialects of German, Dutch, and the Scandinavian Languages 462
SEBASTIAN KURSCHNER

28 Dialects of French 474
DAMIEN HALL

29 Dialects of Italy 486
TULLIO TELMON

30 Dialects of Spanish and Portuguese 498
John M. Lipski

31 Dialects of the Slavic Languages 510
VLADIMIR ZHOBOV AND RONELLE ALEXANDER

32 Dialects of Arabic 523
ENAM AL‐WER AND RUDOLF DE JONG

33 Dialects in the Indo‐Aryan Landscape 535
ASHWINI DEO

34 Dialects of Chinese 547
CHAOJU TANG

35 Dialects of Japanese 559
TAKUICHIRO ONISHI

36 Dialects of Malay/Indonesian 571
ALEXANDER ADELAAR

Index 582

About the Author

Charles Boberg is Associate Professor in the Department of Linguistics at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. His research focuses on variation and change in North American English, particularly Canadian English and accents in film and television. He is the author of The English Language in Canada: Status, History and Comparative Analysis (2010) and a co-author of the Atlas of North American English (with William Labov and Sharon Ash, 2006).

John Nerbonne worked at HP Labs, the German AI Center, and the University of Groningen, where he was head of Digital Humanities. He is currently an honorary professor in Freiburg. Nerbonne works in quantitative linguistics, using computational and statistical methods. He is a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, was president of the Association for Computational Linguistics in 2002, and a Humboldt prize winner in 2013.

Dominic Watt is Senior Lecturer in Forensic Speech Science at the University of York, UK. His research interests are in forensic phonetics and linguistics, speech perception, sociophonetics, and language and identity studies. He is co-author of English Accents and Dialects (with Arthur Hughes and Peter Trudgill, 2012), and co-editor of Language and Identities (with Carmen Llamas, 2010) and Language, Borders and Identity (2014).

Reviews

"Dialectology, the study of how and why language varies from place to place, comes brilliantly to life with this comprehensive, state-of-the-art Handbook. Grounded in history yet filled with cutting-edge methodology, research findings and personal insights from top researchers in the field, this book gives scholars and students the ideal reference manual for studying and understanding dialects in the 21st century."
Professor Sali Tagliamonte, University of Toronto, Canada "It's all here - an enormously helpful and brilliantly well-planned volume, by the world's very top dialectology researcher. The Handbook has everything that needs to be known about regional variations in language, including the history of its study, its manifestations,  its causes, and its consequences."
Professor Peter Trudgill, University of East Anglia, UK

"This timely volume comprises thirty six chapters written by leading exponents in the discipline, comprehensively covering in three excellent sections issues in  theory, method and data. It is a fine resource for anyone working on language variation, language history, or for those who require access to bodies of language data: indispensable for researchers and students alike."
Professor Lesley Milroy, Professor Emerita, University of Michigan, USA