Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: THE GOALS OF SENTENCING
Why Punish?
How Much To Punish?
Theories of Punishment and Judges′ Sentencing Decisions
Conclusion
CHAPTER TWO: THE SENTENCING PROCESS
The Judge′s Options at Sentencing
Sentencing as a Collaborative Exercise
The Sentencing Process
CHAPTER 3: HOW DO JUDGES DECIDE?
Modeling the Sentencing Process
Sentencing and Case Attributes
Sentencing and Characteristics of the Judge
How do Judges Decide?
CHAPTER 4: SENTENCING DISPARITY AND DISCRIMINATION: A FOCUS ON GENDER
Types of Sentencing Discrimination
Gender Disparity in Sentencing
Disparity and Discrimination in Sentencing
CHAPTER 5: SENTENCING DISPARITY AND DISCRIMINATION: A FOCUS ON RACE/ETHNICITY
Racial Disparity in Sentencing
Race and Judges′ Sentencing Decisions
Race and the Death Penalty: A Failed Experiment?
Justice From the Bench?
CHAPTER 6: THE SENTENCING REFORM MOVEMENT
Structured Sentencing Reforms
Presumptive Sentencing Guidelines
Mandatory Minimum Sentencing Statutes
Three-Strikes-and-You′re Out Laws
Truth in Sentencing Laws
Three Decades of Reform
CHAPTER 7: THE IMPACT OF SENTENCING REFORMS
Have Sentencing Reforms Led to More Punitive Sentences?
Have Sentencing Reforms Led to a Reduction in Crime?
Have Sentencing Reforms Reduced Disparity and Discrimination?
Assessing the Impact of the Sentencing Reform Movement

About the Author

Cassia Spohn is School Director and Foundation Professor of Criminal Justice at Arizona State University. She is the author of several books, including The Color of Justice: Race, Ethnicity, and Crime in America (with Sam Walker and Miriam DeLone) and How Do Judges Decide? The Search for Fairness and Equity in Sentencing. She has published a number of articles examining prosecutors’ charging decisions in sexual assault cases and exploring the effect of race/ethnicity on charging and sentencing decisions. Her current research interests include the effect of race and gender on court processing decisions, victim characteristics and case outcomes in sexual assault cases, judicial decision making, sentencing of drug offenders, and the deterrent effect of imprisonment. In 1999, she was awarded the University of Nebraska Outstanding Research and Creative Activity Award.

Reviews

"It is the most comprehensive analysis of sentencing practices in the United States in general, and of how judges decide in particular.  It provides ample statistics of the realities of punishment and provides readers with the conclusions from several decades of research investigating judicial discretion."
*Richard D. Hartley*