Contributors ix
Preface xiii
List of Abbreviations xv
1 Introduction 1
A. Low and J. Hulme
Section 1 Physiology of Transfer Medicine 3
2 Acceleration Deceleration and Vibration 5
M. Sheils and C. Hore
3 Environmental Exposure and Noise 9
P. Paal and M. Helm
4 Altitude Physiology 13
Y. Wimalasena and C. Duncan
Section 2 Clinical Considerations 19
5 Resuscitation and Stabilisation 21
C. Reid and K. Habig
6 Patient Packaging and Nursing Care 28
C. Small and F. Clarke
7 Mode of Transport 31
A. Cadamy and T. Martin
8 International Repatriations 36
B. Vadera
9 Critical Incidents 39
J.M. Droogh and J.G. Zijlstra
Section 3 Transfer Equipment 43
10 Electrical Supply and Batteries 45
G. Roberts and J. Hulme
11 Transport Ventilators and Medical Gas Supply 47
J. Bingham
12 Monitoring 51
A. Corfield and S. Hearns
13 Drug Delivery 54
J. Cuell and M. McCabe
14 Near Patient Testing and Imaging 58
A. Low and T. Harris
15 Haemorrhage Control and Splinting 63
A. Hughes and A.Weaver
16 Stretchers Incubators and Vacuum Mattresses 70
H. Bawdon and M.Ward
17 Personal Protective Equipment 73
C. Bosanko and S. Hepburn
18 Communication and Navigation 77
I. Locke
Section 4 Pharmacology of Transfer Medicine 81
19 Routes of Administration 83
T. Nutbeam and R. Fenwick
20 Pre-hospital Sedation and Analgesia 88
J. Hulme
21 Sedation and Neuromuscular Blockers 92
E. Joynes and B. Munford
22 Inotropes and Vasopressors 96
A. Fergusson and R. Tipping
23 Specialist Pharmacology: Haemostatics and Uterotonics 100
P. Morgan and D. Lockey
Section 5 The Transfer Team 105
24 Managing and Leading a Transfer 107
D. Ellis and S. Mazur
25 Teamwork and Communication 111
C. McQueen and K.Thies
26 Non-technical Skills and Sources of Error 115
C. McQueen and M. Horton
27 Standard Operating Procedures Checklists and Documentation
119
S. Sollid and O. Uleberg
28 Audit Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Transfer Medicine
122
G. Evetts S. Cox and R. Tipping
29 Training for Transfers 126
J.Warwick and D. Quayle
Section 6 Neonatal and Paediatric Transfers 131
30 Anatomical and Physiological Considerations 133
S. Revana
31 Neonatal Medical Transfers 137
Lesley Jackson
32 Paediatric Medical Retrievals 142
S. Ray and E. Polke
33 Paediatric Trauma Retrievals 146
Mary Montgomery
34 Additional Considerations 152
H. McNeilly and J. Hegarty
Section 7 Specialist Transfers 155
35 Head & Spinal Injuries 157
R. Protheroe and F. Lecky
36 Burns 160
T. Muehlberger M. Büeschges and C. Ottoman
37 Polytrauma and Military Retrievals 164
D. Keene and O. Bartells
38 Obstetric Transfers 169
H. Simpson
39 Cardiac Transfers 174
C.Westrope and C. Harvey
40 Contagious Patients 178
R. MacDonald
41 Bariatric Patients 183
Z. Dempsey and M. Ross
42 Acute Behavioural Disturbances 187
M. Le Cong
43 Considerations Regarding Organ Donation 190
Anders Aneman andWilliam O’Regan
Appendix 1 Framework for Radiology Interpretation 193
Appendix 2 Framework for Interpretation of Arterial Blood Gases 194
Appendix 3 Example of a Triage Sieve 195
Appendix 4 Example of a Transfer Checklist 196
Appendix 5 Example of Equipment Inventory 197
Appendix 6 Summary of useful National Guidelines 201
Index 203
Adam Low, Specialist Registrar in Anaesthetics, West Midlands Deanery, West Midlands Central Accident Resuscitation & Emergency (CARE) Team, West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust Medical Emergency Response Incident Team (MERIT), UK; AMREF Flying Doctors, Kenya Jonathan Hulme, Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust; Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust Medical Emergency Response Incident Team (MERIT); Medical Director, West Midlands Central Accident Resuscitation & Emergency (CARE) Team; Mercia Accident Rescue Service (MARS) BASICS, UK
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