Table of Contents

Introduction; Aphids: Distribution; Evolution; Size; Food; Symbionts; Host specificity; Reproduction; Life cycle; Dispersal; Trees as habitat: Seasonality; Trees' commitment to defence; Natural enemies: Natural enemies of aphids; Structure of aphidophagous mechanisms; Abundance: Role of natural enemies; Role of host abundance; Role of intraspecific competition; Sex: Mechanism; Sex ratio; Distribution and global warming: Regional distribution; Global warming and distribution; Global warming and aphid abundance; Identification: Introduction to the keys; Terms; Preparing aphids for identification; The keys; Descriptions of genera and species; Techniques and approaches to original work: Collecting and observing aphids in the field; Rearing aphids in the laboratory; Experiments; Useful addresses; References and further reading.