Table of Contents

Introduction to Gene Manipulation Why do we clone genes? How do we clone genes?- the basic technique Cutting and joining DNA Cloning Genes in E. coli Plasmids as vectors Phage and cosmid vectors Cloning strategies, gene libraries and cDNA cloning Recombinant selection and screening Expression of cloned genes Analyzing DNA nucleotide sequences Changing genes - macro- and micro-modifications The polymerase chain reaction - an all embracing technique Impact of recombinant DNA on human genetics Cloning in Organisms other than E. coli Cloning in bacteria other than E. coli Cloning in yeast and other microbial eukaryotes Gene transfer to plants Introducing genes into animal cells Transferring genes into animal oocytes, eggs and embryos Biotechnology: The generation of novelty