Table of Contents

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

1. THE NEXT DECADE OF RESEARCH IN THE BASIC MECHANISMS OF THE EPILEPSIES

2. HERBERT H. JASPER AND THE BASIC MECHANISMS OF THE EPILEPSIES
Massimo Avoli
3. Why - and how - do we approach basic epilepsy research
Section II: Fundamentals of neuronal excitability relevant to seizures and epilepsy

4. Voltage-gated Na+ Channels: Structure, Function, and Pathophysiology
Massimo Mantegazza and William A. Catterall
5. Potassium channels (including KCNQ) and epilepsy
Edward C. Cooper
6. Voltage-gated calcium channels in epilepsy
Stuart M Cain and Terrance P Snutch
7. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channelopathy in epilepsy
Nicholas P. Poolos
8. Phasic GABAA-mediated inhibition
Enrico Cherubini
9. Tonic GABAA receptor-mediated signaling in epilepsy
Matthew C Walker and Dimitri M Kullmann
10. Glutamatergic mechanisms related to epilepsy: ionotropic receptors
Raymond Dingledine
11. Glutamate rECEPTORS IN epilepsy: Group I mGluR-MEDIATED epileptogenesis
Riccardo Bianchi, Robert K. S. Wong, and Lisa R. Merlin
12. Plasticity of Glutamate Synaptic Mechanisms
J. Victor Nadler
13. Neuronal synchronization and thalamocortical rhythms in sleep, wake and epilepsy Igor Timofeev, Maxim Bazhenov, Josée Seigneur, Terrence Sejnowski

14. Limbic Network Synchronization and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

John G R Jefferys, Premysl Jiruska, Marco de Curtis, Massimo Avoli
15. Imaging of Hippocampal Circuits in Epilepsy
Hajime Takano and Douglas A. Coulter
16. Normal and Pathologic High-Frequency Oscillations
Richard J. Staba
17. INTERICTAL EPILEPTIFORM DISCHARGES IN PARTIAL EPILEPSY: COMPLEX NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS BASED ON EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE
Marco de Curtis, John G R Jefferys, and Massimo Avoli
18. GABA-A RECEPTOR FUNCTION IN TYPICAL ABSENCE SEIZURES
Vincenzo Crunelli, Nathalie Leresche, and David W. Cope
19. GABAB RECEPTOR AND ABSENCE EPILEPSY
Hua A. Han, Miguel A. Cortez, and O. Carter Snead III

20. Brainstem networks: Reticulo-cortical synchronization in Generalized Convulsive Seizures
Carl L. Faingold
21. ON THE BASIC MECHANISMS OF INFANTILE SPASMS
John W. Swann and Solomon L. Moshe
22. Fast oscillations and synchronization examined with in vitro models of epileptogenesis
Roger D. Traub, Miles A. Whittington, Mark O. Cunningham
23. Computer Modeling of Epilepsy
Marianne J. Case, Robert J. Morgan, Calvin J. Schneider, Ivan Soltesz
Section III - Mechanisms of seizures susceptibility and epileptogenesis

24. Traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic epilepsy
David A. Prince, Isabel Parada, Kevin Graber
25. HEAD TRAUMA AND EPILEPSY
Asla Pitkänen and Tamuna Bolkvadze
26. Fever, febrile seizures and epileptogenesis
Céline M. Dubé, Shawn McClelland, ManKin Choy, Amy L. Brewster, Yoav Noam, Tallie Z. Baram
27. Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Epileptogenesis
Alon Friedman and Uwe Heinemann
28. Cell death and survival mechanisms after single and repeated brief seizures
David C. Henshall1 and Brian S. Meldrum
29. PROGRAMMED NECROSIS AFTER STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Jerome Niquet, Maria-Leonor Lopez-Meraz, Claude G. Wasterlain
30. HISTOPATHOLOGY OF HUMAN EPILEPSY
Nihal C. de Lanerolle, Tih-Shih Lee, and Dennis D. Spencer
31. The Time Course and Circuit Mechanisms of Acquired Epileptogenesis
F. Edward Dudeka and Kevin J. Staley
32. Mossy Fiber Sprouting in the Dentate Gyrus
Paul S. Buckmaster

33. Kainate and Temporal Lobe Epilepsies: 3 decades of progress
Yehezkel Ben-Ari

34. Abnormal dentate gyrus network circuitry in temporal lobe epilepsy
Robert S. Sloviter, Argyle V. Bumanglag, Robert Schwarcz, and Michael Frotscher

35. Alterations in synaptic function in epilepsy
Christophe Bernard

36. Seizure-induced formation of basal dendrites on granule cells of the rodent dentate gyrus
Charles E. Ribak, Lee A. Shapiro, Xiao-Xin Yan, Khashayar Dashtipour, J. Victor Nadler, Andre Obenaus, Igor Spigelman, and Paul S. Buckmaster

37. Perturbations of Dendritic Excitability in Epilepsy
Cha-Min Tang and Scott M. Thompson

38. NEUROGENESIS AND EPILEPSY
Jack M. Parent and Michelle M. Kron
39. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and the BDNF Receptor, TrkB
J.O. McNamara and H.E. Scharfman

40. Alterations in the Distribution of GABAA Receptors in Epilepsy
Carolyn R. Houser, Nianhui Zhang, and Zechun Peng

41. GABAA receptor plasticity during status epilepticus
Suchitra Joshi and Jadeep Kapur

42. Plasticity of GABAA receptors relevant to neurosteroid actions
Istvan Mody

43. GABAA Receptor Plasticity in Alcohol Withdrawal
Richard W. Olsen and Igor Spigelman

44. REGULATION OF GABAA RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND EPILEPSY
Amy R. Brooks-Kayal, and Shelley J. Russek

46. Astrocytes and Epilepsy
Jerome Clasadonte and Philip G. Haydon

45. Chloride homeostasis and GABA signaling in temporal lobe epilepsy
Richard Miles , Peter Blaesse, Gilles Huberfeld , Lucia Wittner, and Kai Kaila

47. Astrocyte dysfunction in epilepsy
Christian Steinhäuser, Gerald Seifert

48. Glia-neuronal interactions in ictogenesis and epileptogenesis: role of inflammatory mediators
Annamaria Vezzani, Stephan Auvin, Teresa Ravizza, Eleonora Aronica

49. GLIA-NEURON INTERACTIONS: NEUROSTEROIDS AND EPILEPTOGENESIS
Giuseppe Biagini, Carla Marinelli, Gabriella Panuccio, Giulia Puia, and Massimo Avoli
50. Gene Discovery in the Genetically Complex Epilepsies
Ruth Ottman

SECTION IV - Epilepsy genes and development

51. Strategies for Studying the Epilepsy Genome
Thomas N. Ferraro, Dennis J. Dlugos, Hakon Hakonarson, Russell J. Buono

52. Sodium Channel Mutations and Epilepsy
William A. Catterall

53. Potassium Channelopathies of Epilepsy
Robert Brenner and Karen S. Wilcox

54. The Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel and Absence Epilepsy
Jeffrey L. Noebels

55. Mutated GABAA receptor subunits in idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Patrick Cossette, Pamela Lachance-Touchette, and Guy A. Rouleau

56. The GABAA?2(R43Q) mouse model of human genetic epilepsy
Steven Petrou and Christopher A. Reid
57. GABAA RECEPTOR SUBUNIT MUTATIONS AND GENETIC EPILEPSIES
Robert L. Macdonald, Jing-Qiong Kang, and Martin J. Gallagher

58. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mutations
Ortrud K. Steinlein, Sunao Kaneko, and Shinichi Hirose
59. Gene Interactions and Modifiers in Epilepsy
Miriam H. Meisler, and Janelle E. O'Brien

60. Rare genetic causes of lissencephaly may implicate microtubule-based transport in the pathogenesis of cortical dysplasias
Judy S. Liu, Christian R. Schubert, and Christopher A. Walsh

61. The Generation of Cortical Interneurons
Diego M. Gelman, Oscar Marín, and John L. R. Rubenstein

62. Genes in infantile epileptic encephalopathies
Christel Depienne, Isabelle Gourfinkel-An, Stéphanie Baulac, and Eric LeGuern

63. Developing Models of Aristaless-related homeobox mutations
Eric D. Marsh and Jeffrey A. Golden

64. Haploinsufficiency of STXBP1 and Ohtahara syndrome
Hirotomo Saitsu, Mitsuhiro Kato, and Naomichi Matsumoto
65. mTOR and Epileptogenesis in Developmental Brain Malformations
Michael Wong and Peter B. Crino
66. Major Susceptibility Genes for Common Idiopathic Epilepsies: ELP4 in Rolandic Epilepsy and BRD2 in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Deb K Pal and David A Greenberg

67. Myoclonin1/EFHC1 in cell division, neuroblast migration, synapse/dendrite formation in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
T. Grisar, B. Lakaye, L de Nijs, J. LoTurco, A. Daga , and A.V. Delgado-Escueta

68. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy of Lafora
José M. Serratosa, Berge A. Minassian B, and Subramaniam Ganesh

69. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy: Unverricht-Lundborg disease and Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
Anna-Elina Lehesjoki and Mark Gardiner
70. GABRB3, Epilepsy, and Neurodevelopment
Miyabi Tanaka, Timothy M. DeLorey, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, and Richard W. Olsen

71. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Carl E. Stafstrom, Paul J. Hagerman, and Isaac N. Pessah

72. Cognitive and Behavioral Co-Morbidities of Epilepsy
Jonathan K. Kleen, Rod C. Scott, Pierre-Pascal Lenck-Santini, and Gregory L. Holmes

73. Migraine and Epilepsy-Shared Mechanisms within the Family of Episodic Disorders Michael A. Rogawski
SECTION V - Epilepsy therapeutics

74. Neurobiology of Depression as a Comorbidity of Epilepsy
Raman Sankar, and Andrey Mazarati

75. Calcium channel ?2? subunits in epilepsy and as targets for antiepileptic drugs
Annette C Dolphin

76. Targeting SV2A for Discovery of Antiepileptic Drugs
Rafal M. Kaminski, Michel Gillard, and Henrik Klitgaard

77. Neurosteroids - Endogenous Regulators of Seizure Susceptibility and Role in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Doodipala Samba Reddy and Michael A. Rogawski
78. Mechanisms of Ketogenic Diet Action
Susan A. Masino and Jong M. Rho
79. Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy: Animal Models
Kevin D. Graber and Robert S. Fisher
80. Animal Models for Evaluating Antiepileptogenesis
H. Steve White
81. Strategies for antiepileptogenesis: Antiepileptic drugs versus novel approaches evaluated in post-status epilepticus models of temporal lobe epilepsy
Wolfgang Löscher
82. Neonatal Seizures and Neuronal Transmembrane Ion Transport
Kristopher T. Kahle and Kevin J. Staley

83. Antiepileptogenesis, Plasticity of AED Targets, Drug resistance, and Targeting the Immature Brain
Heinz Beck and Yoel Yaari

Jan A. Gorter and Heidrun Potschka
85. Neural Stem Cell Therapy for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Ashok K. Shetty
86. EMBRYONIC STEM CELL THERAPY FOR INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
Janice R. Naegele, Mohan C. Vemuri, and Lorenz Studer

87. Cell Therapy Using GABAergic Neural Progenitors
Stewart A. Anderson and Scott C. Baraban
88. Reversing Disorders of Neuronal Migration and Differentiation in Animal Models
Jean-Bernard Manent and Joseph LoTurco

89. Gene therapy of focal onset epilepsy using adeno-associated virus vector-mediated overexpression of neuropeptide Y
Francesco M. Noe', Andreas T. Sørensen, Merab Kokaia, and Annamaria Vezzani

90. Adenosine Augmentation Therapy
Detlev Boison

About the Author

Jeffrey L. Noebels MD, PhD
Dr. Noebels is Cullen Trust for Health Care Endowed Chair Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor College of Medicine. He is also Vice Chair for Research and Director of the Blue Bird Circle Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory in the Department of Neurology. The focus of his research is on genetic and cellular mechanisms of neuronal synchronization disorders in the developing brain.

Massimo Avoli, MD
Dr. Avoli is Professor in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and in the Department of Physiology at McGill University. He is also Professor of Human Physiology at Sapienza University of Rome. His research focuses on the cellular and pharmacological mechanisms underlying excitability and epileptiform synchronization, epileptogenesis, and mental retardation syndromes.

Michael A. Rogawski, MD, PhD
Dr. Rogawski is a professor in the Department of Neurology at the University of California, Davis School of Medicine. He previously served as chief of the Epilepsy Research Section at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. His research is on the cellular mechanisms of action of antiepileptic drugs and new epilepsy treatment approaches.

Richard W. Olsen, PhD
Dr. Olsen is Distinguished Professor of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Anesthesiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), in the Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology. The focus of his research is the structure and function of GABA-A receptors in the brain including their involvement in epilepsy and alcoholism.

Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, MD
Dr. Delgado-Escueta is Professor in Residence in Neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). He is also director of the Epilepsy Center of Excellence at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System in West Los Angeles. The focus of his research is isolating human epilepsy genes and defining their disease mechanisms.