About the Author

Charles Stephenson is a naval and military historian and is the author of several books includingThe Admiral's Secret Weapon: Lord Dundonald and the Origins of Chemical Warfare (2006) and Germany's Asia-Pacific Empire: Colonialism and Naval Policy, 1885-1914 (2009) as well as numerous studies on fortifications and castles. He has been described as being 'among the world's leading maritime historians' and has written articles for History Today magazine and Casemate, the magazine of The Fortress Study Group. He lives in North Wales.