1. Collective wisdom: old and new Hélène Landemore; 2. Prediction markets: trading uncertainty for collective wisdom Emile Servan-Schreiber; 3. Designing wisdom through the web: the passion of ranking Gloria Origgi; 4. Some microfoundations of collective wisdom Scott Page and Lu Hong; 5. What has collective wisdom to do with wisdom? Daniel Andler; 6. Legislation, planning, and deliberation John Ferejohn; 7. Epistemic democracy in classical Athens: sophistication, diversity, and innovation Josiah Ober; 8. The optimal design of a constituent assembly Jon Elster; 9. Sanior pars and major pars in the contemporary aeropagus: medicine evaluation committees in France and the United States Philippe Urfalino; 10. Collective wisdom: lessons from the theory of judgment aggregation Christian List; 11. Democracy counts: should rulers be numerous? David Estlund; 12. Democratic reason: the mechanisms of collective intelligence in politics Hélène Landemore; 13. Rational ignorance and beyond Gerry Mackie; 14. The myth of the rational voter and political theory Bryan Caplan; 15. Collective wisdom and institutional design Adrian Vermeule; 16. Reasoning as a social competence Dan Sperber and Hugo Mercier; 17. Conclusion Jon Elster.
The contributors to this volume discuss and for the most part challenge whether many minds can be wiser than one.
Hélène Landemore is a graduate from the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris, Sciences Po, Paris, and Harvard University (PhD, 2008). After holding postdoctoral positions at the Collège de France in Paris, Brown University, and MIT, she is now an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale University. She is the author of Hume: probabilité et choix raisonnable (2004). Her work has appeared in the Journal of Moral Philosophy, Raison Publique, Synthese, Critical Review and Political Psychology. Jon Elster has been a professor at the Collège de France since 2005. Previously, he was a professor at the University of Chicago. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Academia Europaea, the Norwegian Academy of Science and a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy. He holds honorary doctorates from the universities of Valencia, Stockholm, Trondheim, Bogotá, Torcuata di Tella and Louvain-la-Neuve. Elster is the author of 23 monographs, which have been translated into 18 languages. Most recently, these include L'Irrationalité; Alexis de Tocqueville: The First Social Scientist; Le Désintéressement; Explaining Social Behavior; Agir contre soi; Closing the Books; and Alchemies of the Mind.
“In bringing together essays by students of politics, economics,
philosophy, history, and cognitive science – disciplines that have
much to say to each other but engage in joint conversation too
rarely – Landemore and Elster make a significant contribution. Many
of the individual articles are by scholars working at the frontiers
of their respective fields. No work on collective intelligence has
covered the subject with such breadth, scope, or wisdom.” – Robert
Laubacher, Center for Collective Intelligence, MIT Sloan School of
Management
“This cutting-edge collection shows that in the last decade human
beings have attained a genuinely new understanding of how and why
collective wisdom can surpass that of any individual. Each essay
adds subtlety, theoretical insight, or a telling example. Together
they build to a compelling conclusion: societies succeed when they
organize themselves to think better collectively. They can do this
consciously through institutions whose principles and mechanisms
are laid out in this book.” – Jane Mansbridge, Adams Professor,
Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
“For more than two decades, the ideas of participatory democracy
and later on of deliberative democracy have stimulated the debate
on the various forms of democratic development. Collective Wisdom
opens a new cycle with the notion of epistemic democracy, renewing
the very meaning of universal suffrage. This pathbreaking book
brings together a series of contributions that define a promising
field of research.” – Pierre Rosanvallon, Chair in Modern and
Contemporary History of Politics, Collège de France
“Can crowds be anything but unwise? Is there any reason to suppose
that collective judgments could be accurate? The papers gathered in
this volume suggest some stimulating ways to claim that those
questions could be answered affirmatively and that the so called
‘mob’ might sometimes be less foolish and less unreliable than it
has commonly been taken to be. Very rewarding in times when
democracy is so frequently deemed unable to cope with complex
questions.” – Jean-Fabien Spitz, Professor of Political Philosophy,
University of Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne
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