Table of Contents

List of Illustrations ix

Notes on Contributors xix

Preface xxvi

Acknowledgments xxviii

List of Abbreviations xxix

Chronology xxxvii

Maps xlix

PART I The Land of Egypt 1

1 The Physical Context of Ancient Egypt 3
Sarah Parcak

PART II Historical Narratives 23

2 Prehistory 25
E. Christiana Koehler

3 The Early Dynastic Period 48
Toby Wilkinson

4 The Old Kingdom 63
Michel Baud

5 The First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom 81
Harco Willems

6 The Second Intermediate Period and the New Kingdom 101
Ludwig D. Morenz and Lutz Popko

7 Libyans and Nubians 120
Christopher Naunton

8 Saites and Persians (664?332) 140
Olivier Perdu

9 The Ptolemaic Period 159
Katelijn Vandorpe

10 The Roman Period 180
Livia Capponi

PART III State and Economic Structures 199

11 The Pharaoh and Pharaonic Office 201
Ellen F. Morris

12 Administration and Law: Pharaonic 218
Ben Haring

13 Administration and Law: Graeco-Roman 237
Jane Rowlandson

14 Priests and Temples: Pharaonic 255
Neal Spencer

15 Egyptian Temples and Priests: Graeco-Roman 274
Willy Clarysse

16 The Economy: Pharaonic 291
Christopher Eyre

17 The Economy: Graeco-Roman 309
Dennis Kehoe

18 Settlements ? Distribution, Structure, Architecture: Pharaonic 326
Gregory D. Mumford

19 Settlements ? Distribution, Structure, Architecture: Graeco-Roman 350
Paola Davoli

20 Transport in Ancient Egypt 370
Robert B. Partridge

21 Science and Technology: Pharaonic 390
Corinna Rossi

22 Science and Technology: Alexandrian 409
T. E. Rihll

23 Military Institutions and Warfare: Pharaonic 425
Anthony J. Spalinger

24 Military Institutions and Warfare: Graeco-Roman 446
Nigel Pollard

PART IV The Social Order 467

25 Social Structure and Daily Life: Pharaonic 469
Elizabeth Frood

26 Social Structure and Daily Life: Graeco-Roman 491
Eugene Cruz-Uribe

27 Religion in Society: Pharaonic 507
Kasia Szpakowska

28 Religion in Society: Graeco-Roman 526
David Frankfurter

Bibliography to parts I-IV 547

PART V Language and Literature 639

29 Language, Scripts, and Literacy 641
James P. Allen

30 Middle Kingdom Literature 663
Roland Enmarch

31 New Kingdom Literature 685
Gerald Moers

32 Late Period Literature 709
Kim Ryholt

33 Coptic and Coptic Literature 732
Leo Depuydt

34 Greek Literature in Egypt 755
A. D. Morrison

PART VI The Visual Arts 779

35 Temple Architecture and Decorative Systems 781
Penelope Wilson

36 Mortuary Architecture and Decorative Systems 804
Aidan Dodson

37 Early Dynastic Art and Iconography 826
Stan Hendrickx and Frank Forster

38 Old Kingdom Sculpture 853
Hourig Sourouzian

39 Sculpture of the Middle Kingdom 882
Rita E. Freed

40 New Kingdom Sculpture 913
Betsy M. Bryan

41 Late Period Sculpture 944
Edna R. Russmann

42 Ptolemaic and Romano-Egyptian Sculpture 970
Sally-Ann Ashton

43 Pharaonic Painting through the New Kingdom 990
Betsy M. Bryan

44 Mosaics and Painting in Graeco-Roman Egypt 1008
Helen Whitehouse

45 Egyptian Art of Late Antiquity 1032
Thelma K. Thomas

PART VII The Reception of Egyptian Culture 1065

46 The Reception of Pharaonic Egypt in Classical Antiquity 1067
Alan B. Lloyd

47 The Reception of Egypt in Europe 1086
Andrew Bednarski

48 The Reception of Pharaonic Egypt in Islamic Egypt 1109
Michael Cooperson

49 Ancient Egypt in the Museum: Concepts and Constructions 1129
Christina Riggs

Bibliography to parts V-VII 1154

Index 1213

About the Author

Alan B. Lloyd is Professor Emeritus in the Department ofHistory and Classics at Swansea University and President of theEgypt Exploration Society. He is the author of many publications onEgyptological and Classical subjects, including a three-volumecommentary on Herodotus Book II (1975 1985).

Reviews

Alan Lloyd s edited two-volume Companion to ancientEgypt is a very impressive achievement ... Wendrich and Lloydhave shown that text and reference books on ancient Egypt can beaccessible and interesting and can serve to break traditionalboundaries between Egyptology and the related disciplines ofArchaeology and Classics, for which they should be heartilycongratulated. (Antiquity, 1 January 2013) The Companion is a well-edited, comprehensive approach tothe history, culture, literature, and high art of ancient Egypt In bringing together some of the best authors on theirrespective topics, Lloyd has assembled an in-depth complement toancient Egyptian studies. (Near EasternArchaeology, 2012) "The aim of this companion is to provide a competent andauthoritative overview on ancient Egypt. This has been accomplishedwell. All articles are concise, with comprehensive summaries whichreflect the most recent scholarship. The interested reader,student, or scholar will find a very helpful and satisfactoryplatform to start from with this companion. It will guide him orher to further reading and in their own research." (Bryn MawrClassical Review, 14 October 2011) This Companion is a current, readable and, onoccasion, illustrated account of all major events, aspects ofhistory and culture in ancient Egypt .it has a broad appealwith an extensive range of subjects covered in differing depthsallowing the reader to dip in for pleasure or study. (Reference Reviews, 2011) "For anyone interested in ancient Egypt ... Recommended. Alllevels/libraries." (Choice, 1 March 2011) "Part of a highly regarded series, this 2-volume work offers thestudent, interested general reader, and specialist a thorough andup-to-date resource on ancient Egypt. Written by curators andacademics at museums and institutions in Egypt, Europe, and NorthAmerica, the chapters present definitions and context in framingthe current state of the question for each topic, with the timeframe deliberately extended into the Greco-Roman period." (BookNews, Inc., November 2010)