Introduction to Chain Molecules
Introduction
How Big is Big?
Linear and Branched Polymers, Homopolymers, and
Copolymers
Addition, Condensation, and Natural Polymers
Polymer Nomenclature
Structural Isomerism
Molecular Weights and Molecular Weight
Averages
Measurement of Molecular
Weight
Preview of Things to Come
Step-Growth Polymerization
Introduction
Condensation Polymers: One Step at a Time
Kinetics of Step-Growth Polymerization
Distribution of Molecular Sizes
Polyesters
Polyamides
Stoichiometric Imbalance
Chain-Growth polymerization
Introduction
Chain-Growth and Step-Growth Polymerizations: Some Comparisons
Initiation
Termination
Propagation
Radical Lifetime
Distribution of Molecular Weights
Chain Transfer
Controlled Polymerization
Introduction
Poisson Distribution for an Ideal Living Polymerization
Anionic Polymerization
Block Copolymers, End-Functional Polymers, and Branched Polymers by
Anionic Polymerization
Cationic Polymerization
Controlled Radical Polymerization
Polymerization Equilibrium
Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP)
Dendrimers
Copolymers, Microstructure, and
Stereoregularity
Introduction
Copolymer Composition
Reactivity Ratios
Resonance and Reactivity
A Closer Look at Microstructure
Copolymer Composition and Microstructure: Experimental Aspects
Characterizing Stereoregularity
A Statistical Description of Stereoregularity
Assessing Stereoregularity by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
Single-Site Catalysts
Polymer Conformations
Conformations, Bond
Rotation, and Polymer Size
Average End-to-End Distance for Model
Chains
Characteristic Ratio and Statistical Segment Length
Semiflexible Chains and the Persistence
Length
Radius of
Gyration
Spheres, Rods, and
Coils
Distributions for End-to-End Distance and Segment
Density
Self-Avoiding Chains: A First
Look
Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions
Review of
Thermodynamic and Statistical Thermodynamic Concepts
Regular Solution
Theory
Flory-Huggins Theory
Osmotic
Pressure
Phase Behavior of Polymer
Solutions
What's in
c?
Excluded Volume and Chains in a Good
Solvent
Light Scattering by Polymer Solutions
Introduction: Light
Waves
Basic Concepts of
Scattering
Scattering by an Isolated Small
Molecule
Scattering from a Dilute Polymer Solution
The Form Factor and the Zimm
Equation
Scattering Regimes and Particular Form
Factors
Experimental Aspects of Light
Scattering
Dynamics of Dilute Polymer Solutions
Introduction: Friction and
Viscosity
Stokes' Law and Einstein's
Law
Intrinsic
Viscosity
Measurement of
Viscosity
Diffusion Coefficient and Friction
Factor
Dynamic Light
Scattering
Hydrodynamic Interactions and
Draining
Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)
Networks, Gels, and Rubber Elasticity
Formation of Networks by Random
Cross-Linking
Polymerization with Multifunctional
Monomers
Elastic
Deformation
Thermodynamics of
Elasticity
Statistical Mechanical Theory of Rubber Elasticity: Ideal
Case
Further Developments in Rubber
Elasticity
Swelling of
Gels
Linear Viscoelasticity
Basic
Concepts
The Response of the Maxwell and Voigt
Elements
Boltzmann Superposition
Principle
Bead-Spring Model
Zimm Model for Dilute Solutions, Rouse Model for Unentangled
Melts
Phenomenology of
Entanglement
Reptation Model
Aspects of Experimental
Rheometry
Glass Transition
Introduction
Thermodynamics Aspects of the Glass
Transition
Locating the Glass Transition
Temperature
Free Volume Description of the Glass
Transition
Time–Temperature
Superposition
Factors that Affect the Glass Transition
Temperature
Mechanical Properties of Glassy
Polymers
Crystalline Polymers
Introduction and
Overview
Structure and Characterization of Unit
Cells
The Thermodynamics of Crystallization: Relation of Melting
Temperature to Molecular
Structure
Structure and Melting of
Lamellae
Kinetics of Nucleation and
Growth
Morphology of Semicrystalline
Polymers
The Kinetics of Bulk Crystallization
Appendix
*Each Chapter contains a Chapter Summary and Problems
"Written by well-established professors in the field, Polymer Chemistry, Second Edition, provides a well-rounded and articulate examination of polymer properties at the molecular level. It focuses on fundamental principals based on underlying chemical structures, polymer synthesis, characterization, and properties . . . Polymer Chemistry, Second Edition offers a logical presentation of topics that can be scaled to meet the needs of introductory as well as more advances courses in chemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering." – In Memoriile sectiilor Stiintifice, 2007, Vol. 30, No. 4 ". . . suitable for undergraduate or graduate students, and also for year-long course sequences. The chapters contain excellent worked-out problems as well as end-of-chapter problems, and include numerous figures, illustrations, and chemical sequences showing monomers and polymers. Summing Up: Highly Recommended." – P. G. Heiden, Michigan Technological University, in Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, August 2007, Vol. 44, No. 11
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