Table of Contents

PART A: ENDOGENOUS TOXINS ASSOCIATED WITH EXCESSIVE SUGAR, FAT, RED MEAT OR ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

1: Endogenous DNA damage

2: Modification of cysteine residues in protein

3: Endogenous macromolecule radicals

4: Alcohol-derived bioadducts

5: Iron from meat produces endogenous pro-carcinogen peroxides

6: Short chain sugars as endogenous toxins

7: Fructose-derived endogenous toxins

8: Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by the glyceraldehyde-related Maillard reaction products

9: Estrogens as Endogenous Toxins

10: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypohalites (HOCI), and reactive nitrogen species (NOS)



PART B: GENETICS, ENDOGENOUS TOXINS ASSOCIATED WITH INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM

11: Oxalate and primary hyperoxaluria

12: Pathophysiology of endogenous toxins and their relation to in-born errors of metabolism and drug mediated toxicities

13: Mechanisms of toxicity in fatty acid oxidation disorders

14: Homocysteine as an endogenous toxin in cardiovascular disease

15: Uric acid alterations in cardiometabolic disorders and gout

16: Genetic defects in iron and copper trafficking

17: Polyglutamine neuropathies: Animal models to molecular mechanisms



PART C: EXAMPLES OF ENDOGENOUS TOXINS ASSOCIATED WITH ACQUIRED DISEASES OR ANIMAL DISEASE MODELS

18: Alcohol-induced hepatic injury

19: Ethanol-induced endotoxemia and tissue injury

20: Gut microbiota, diet, endotoxemia and disease

21: Nutrient derived endogenous toxins in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes at the beta cell level

22: Endogenous toxins and susceptibility or resistance to diabetes complications

23: Serum advanced glycation end products associated with NASH and other liver diseases

24: Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C

25: Oxidised low density lipoprotein cytotoxicity and vascular disease

26: Oxidative stress in breast cancer carcinogenesis

27: Lifestyle, endogenous toxins and colorectal cancer risk

28: Dopamine-derived neurotoxins and Parkinson's disease

29: Dopamine catabolism and Parkinson's disease: Role of a reactive aldehyde intermediate

30: Tetrahydropapaveroline, an endogenous dicatechol isoquinoline

31: Chemically-induced autoimmunity

32: Endogenous toxins associated with life expectancy and aging



PART D: THERAPEUTICS PROPOSED FOR DECREASING ENDOGENOUS TOXINS

33: Therapeutic potentials for decreasing the endogenous toxin homocysteine: Clinical trials

34: Prevention of oxidative stress-induced disease by natural dietary compounds: The mechanism of actions

35: Genotoxicity of endogenous estrogens

36: Design of nutritional interventions for control of cellular oxidation

About the Author

Peter J. O'Brien is Professor emeritus at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Toronto (Canada). He obtained his academic degrees from Birmingham University (UK) and took up his first independent scientific position at the Memorial University of Newfoundland in 1967. Since 1986 he has been a full Professor at Toronto. He has more than 300 publication to his name, and was awarded the prestigious McNeil-Janssen-Ortho award for his research in 1996.



William R. Bruce is Professor emeritus at the Departments of Medical Biophysics and Nutritional Sciences at the University of Toronto (Canada). He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and a former director of the American Association for Cancer Research. In 1997 he received the H. O. Warwick Prize of the National Cancer Institute of Canada for his contributions to cancer prevention.