Table of Contents

AbbreviationsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPart I Essential BackgroundChapter 1. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins -The Nature of Amino Acids-Characteristics of Peptides-Structure of Proteins-SummaryChapter 2. Enzymes-Enzymes As Catalysts-Rates of Enzymatic Reactions-Provision of Reactive Groups by Cofactors-Classification of Enzymes-Oxidations and Reductions-Regulation of Enzyme Activity-Measurement of Enzyme Activity-SummaryPart II MetabolismChapter 3. Energy Systems and Bioenergetics-Energy Requirements of Skeletal Muscle-Energy-Rich Phosphates-Energy Systems-Bioenergetics-SummaryChapter 4. Oxidative Phosphorylation-Overview of Metabolism-Mitochondria-The Citric Acid Cycle-Electron Transfers-Coupled Phosphorylation-Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation-Quantification of Redox Reactions-Oxidants and Antioxidants-SummaryChapter 5. Carbohydrate Metabolism-Carbohydrates-Cellular Uptake of Glucose-Phosphorylation of Glucose-Glycolysis-Glycogen Metabolism-Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism-Lactate Metabolism-Oxidation of Cytoplasmic NADH-Gluconeogenesis-The Pentose Phosphate Pathway-Signaling Pathways-SummaryChapter 6. Lipid Metabolism-Types of Lipids-Fat Stores-Oxidation of Fatty Acids-Oxidation of Ketone Bodies-Synthesis of Fatty Acids-Fat As a Fuel for Exercise-Metabolism During Exercise: Fat Versus Carbohydrate-Adipose Tissue As an Endocrine Tissue-Cholesterol-SummaryChapter 7. Amino Acid Metabolism-Overview of Amino Acid Metabolism-Degradation of Amino Acids-The Urea Cycle-Fate of Amino Acid Carbon Skeletons-Amino Acid Metabolism During Exercise-Additional Roles for Amino Acids-SummaryPart III Transcription, Protein Synthesis, and DegradationChapter 8. Gene Transcription and Its Control-DNA-Types of RNA-The Genetic Code-Transcription-Regulation of Transcription-SummaryChapter 9. Protein Synthesis and Degradation-Posttranscriptional Modifications of RNA-Translation-Regulation of Translation-Posttranslational Processing of Polypeptides-Protein Degradation-SummaryAnswers to Review QuestionsGlossaryReferencesIndexAbout the Author

About the Author

Michael E. Houston, PhD, is a professor in human nutrition, foods and exercise at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia. Besides writing the first two editions of this book, Houston has written more than 100 refereed journal publications dealing with the biochemical and nutritional implications of exercise. He has taught biochemistry of exercise for more than 35 years and has conducted extensive research in the subject. In 2003, he received the Honour Award from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. In his leisure time he enjoys weight training, as well as road and mountain biking.