Introduction.
1. Introducing Cisco Network Service Architectures.
Primary Concerns of Network Deployment
Performance
Scalability
Availability
Cisco AVVID Framework
Cisco AVVID Common Network Infrastructure
Cisco AVVID Intelligent Network Services
Cisco AVVID Network Solutions
Enterprise Composite Network Model
Enterprise Campus Functional Area
Campus Infrastructure Module
Network Management Module
Server Farm Module
Edge Distribution Module
Effects of the Enterprise Campus Functional Area on the Enterprise Network
Enterprise Edge Functional Area
E-Commerce Module
Internet Connectivity Module
Remote Access and VPN Module
WAN Module
Effects of the Enterprise Edge Functional Area on the Enterprise Network
Service Provider Edge Functional Area
Summary
References
Product Summary
Review Questions
2. Designing Enterprise Campus Networks.
Enterprise Network Design Methodology
Campus Design Within the Enterprise Composite Network Model
Typical Requirements for an Enterprise Campus Network
Enterprise Campus Design Methodology
Analyzing Network Traffic Patterns
Designing the Campus Infrastructure
Designing the Logical Campus Network
One VLAN Per Switch
Unique VLANs Per Switch
VLANs Spanning Multiple Access Switches
Designing the Physical Campus Network
Selecting Transmission Media and Data-Link Protocols
Selecting a Physical Network Segmentation Strategy
Selecting and Implementing Spanning Tree Protocol
Selecting Data Link or Multilayer Switching Solutions
Small Campus Network
Medium Campus Network
Multilayer Switched Campus Backbone
Selecting Cisco Hardware and Software
Identifying an IP Addressing Strategy
Selecting Routing Protocols
Static Versus Dynamic Routing
RIP and RIPv2
IGRP
EIGRP
OSPF
IS-IS
Selecting Areas for Networks
Enterprise Campus Design Examples
Small Enterprise Design Example
Medium Enterprise Design Example
Large Enterprise Design Example
Designing the Server Farm
Design Objectives for the Server Farm
Server Farm Infrastructure Architecture
Designing the Server Farm for Scalability
Considerations for Server Farm Security and Manageability
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specifications Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
Background
Business Goals of OCSIC
Headquarters Location, Network, and Applications
North American Plants and Their Applications
Networking Strategies and Goals
Proposed Headquarters Campus Network Solution
Proposed Headquarters Server Farm Solution
Proposed North American Plan Model
3. Designing Enterprise Edge Connectivity.
Reviewing the Enterprise Edge Network Design Methodology
Enterprise Edge Design
Typical Requirements for the Enterprise Edge
Enterprise Edge Design Methodology
Analyzing Network Traffic Patterns
Designing the Classic WAN Module
Enterprise Needs for the WAN
Selecting the WAN Topology
Branch Office WAN
Regional Office WAN
Enterprise WAN Backbone
Selecting a Service Provider
Selecting the Data-Link Layer
Selecting the Physical Layer
Selecting WAN Features
Selecting Cisco Edge Routing Solutions
Routing Protocol and IP Addressing Considerations
An Enterprise WAN Design Example
Designing the Remote Access Module
Enterprise Needs for Remote Access
Selecting the Remote Access Type and Termination
Selecting the Remote Access Physical Connectivity
Selecting the Remote Access Protocol
Selecting Cisco Access Routing Solutions
Sizing the Central Site Remote Access Connection
An Enterprise Remote Access Design Example
Designing the Internet Connectivity Module
Enterprise Requirements for the Internet
Using NAT at the Enterprise Edge
Designing ISP Connectivity Solutions
Internet Connectivity Design Example
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specifications Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
North American Plant Headquarters WAN
Remote Access and Internet Connectivity Requirements
International Manufacturing, Distribution, and Sales Plants
International Plant Networks and Applications
WAN Module Design
Remote Access Design
Internet Connectivity Module Design
4. Designing Network Management Services.
Developing an Enterprise Network Management Strategy
Functional Areas of Network Management
FCAPS
Network Management Policies and Procedures
Policies
Procedures
Network Management Methods
Reactive-Event Driven
Proactive-Polling and Event Driven
Network Management Strategy Process
Network Management Module Functions
Cisco Network Management Strategy
CiscoWorks
CiscoWorks Common Management Foundation
CiscoWorks LAN Management Solution
Best Practices for Managing the LAN Using LMS
CiscoWorks Routed WAN Management Solution
Best Practices for Managing the WAN Using RWAN
Designing the Network Management Architecture
Network Management Design Considerations
Network Management Infrastructure Considerations
Network Management Data Collection and Management Considerations
Network Management Station Sizing Considerations
System Management Resource Considerations
Network Management Deployment Recommendations
Single Server Deployment
Multiserver, Split Applications-Single Management Domain
Multiple Management Domains
Centralized WAN Management with LAN Management
Key Questions to Consider
Availability Manager Issues
Network Management Design Scenarios
Small Site Network Management Design Scenario
Medium Site Network Management Design Scenario
Large Site Network Management Design Scenario
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
5. Designing High-Availability Services.
High-Availability Features and Options
Network Requirements for High Availability
Cisco IOS High-Availability Architecture
Fault Tolerance and Hardware Redundancy
Using Fault-Tolerant Devices
Providing Redundancy in the Network Topology
Route Processor Redundancy
Network Interface Card Redundancy
Options for Layer 3 Redundancy
Redundancy and Spanning Tree Protocol
PortFast and UplinkFast
Designing High-Availability Enterprise Networks
Design Guidelines for High Availability
Redundancy Options
Software Features and Protocol Attributes
Carrier and Circuit Types
Power Availability
High-Availability Design Goals and Conclusions
Best Practices for High-Availability Network Design
Enterprise Campus Design Guidelines for High Availability
Enterprise Edge Design Guidelines for High Availability
High-Availability Design Example
Summary
Reference
Product Summary
Standards and Specifications Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
High-Availability Design for the Campus Infrastructure Module
High-Availability Strategy for the Server Farm Module
High-Availability Strategy for the WAN Module
High-Availability Strategy for the Remote Access Module
High-Availability Strategy for the Internet Connectivity Module
Revised Network Diagrams
6. Designing Security Services.
Evaluating Network Security Policies
Network Vulnerabilities
Defining a Security Policy
Network Security as a Process
Securing the Network
Monitoring Security
Testing Security
Improving Security
Risk Assessment and Management
Reviewing Cisco Security Solutions
Key Elements of Network Security
Network Security Attack Types and Their Solutions
Packet Sniffers
IP Spoofing
DoS Attacks
Password Attacks
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Application Layer Attacks
Network Reconnaissance
Trust Exploitation
Port Redirection Attacks
Unauthorized Access Attacks
Viruses and Trojan Horses
Firewall Design Options
Implementing a Perimeter LAN
Firewall Filtering Rules
Perimeter Security: PIX Firewall
Perimeter Security: IOS Firewall
Intrusion Detection System Design Options
IDS Operation
IDS Deployment
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting
RADIUS
TACACS+
Kerberos
Public Key Infrastructure
IP Security
Internet Key Exchange
Authentication Header
Encapsulating Security Payload
Device Security Options
Routers
Switches
Hosts
Network-Wide
Applications
Implementing Network Security Using the Cisco SAFE Security Blueprints
Introduction to Cisco SAFE Architecture
SAFE Security Strategies for Small Networks
Small Network Internet Connectivity Module
Small Network Campus Infrastructure Module
SAFE Security Strategies for Medium Networks
Medium Network Internet Connectivity
Medium Network Campus Infrastructure Module
Medium Network WAN Module
SAFE Security Strategies for Large Networks
Campus Infrastructure Module
Secure Network Management Module
Secure Server Farm Module
Secure Edge Distribution Module
SAFE Security Strategies for the Enterprise Edge
E-Commerce Module
Internet Connectivity Module
Remote Access and VPN Module
WAN Module Features
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
7. Designing QoS.
Identifying QoS Mechanisms
Enterprise Network Requirements for QoS
Delay
Delay Variation
Packet Loss
QoS-Enabled Network
QoS Architectures
IntServ
DiffServ
QoS Service Levels
Classification and Marking
Congestion Avoidance
Congestion Management
Traffic Conditioning
CAR: Managing Access Bandwidth Policy and Performing Policing
Traffic Shaping: Controlling Outbound Traffic Flow
Signaling
Link-Efficiency Mechanisms
LFI
cRTP and dcRTP
Summary of Key Cisco IOS Software QoS Categories and Features
Designing QoS for Enterprise Networks
QoS Design Guidelines
QoS Design Guidelines for Data
QoS Design Guidelines for Voice
QoS Design Guidelines for Video Conferencing
Designing QoS for the Enterprise Network
Example: QoS Solution
Summary
Reference
Product Summary
Standards and Specifications Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
QoS Design for the Site-to-Site WAN
QoS Design for the Campus Infrastructure Module
8. Designing IP Multicast Services.
Examining IP Multicast Services
IP Multicast Basics
IP Multicast Data-Delivery Principles
Multicast Forwarding
IP Multicast Group Membership and Distribution Trees
Source Trees
Shared Trees
Comparison of Source Trees and Shared Trees
Protocol Independent Multicast
PIM Dense Mode
PIM Sparse Mode
Sparse Mode, Dense Mode, and Sparse-Dense Mode
IP Multicast Control Mechanisms
IGMP
CGMP and IGMP Snooping
Designing IP Multicast Solutions for Enterprise Networks
IP Multicast Design Considerations for an Enterprise Campus
Designing IP Multicast for a Small Campus
Designing IP Multicast for a Large Enterprise Campus
Designing IP Multicast Over a WAN
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specifications Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
IP Multicast Design for OCSIC's New Application
9. Designing Virtual Private Networks.
VPN Technologies
Enterprise VPN Requirements
VPN Tunneling
VPN Security
IPSec
User Authentication
Encryption
VPN Termination
VPN Concentrators
VPN Client Software
VPN Management
VPN Management Considerations
CiscoWorks VPN/Security Management Solution
Designing Site-to-Site VPNs
Site-to-Site VPN Requirements
Key Design Considerations for Site-to-Site VPNs
Hub-and-Spoke VPN Topologies
Simple Full-Mesh VPN Topology
Hierarchical VPN Topology
High-Availability and Resiliency Considerations
Using a Routing Protocol over the VPN
Minimizing Packet Fragmentation
Implementing IPSec
Site-to-Site VPN Examples
Example: Small Site-to-Site VPN
Small Site-to-Site VPN Solution
Example: Large Site-to-Site VPN
Large Site-to-Site VPN Solution
Designing Remote-Access VPNs
Remote-Access VPN Requirements
Remote-Access VPN Design Considerations
Broadband Access Design Considerations
Capacity Planning for Remote-Access VPNs
NAT Issues
One-to-One Translation
Many-to-One Translation
NAT Traversal
VPN Split-Tunnel Communication
Remote-Access VPN Examples
Example: Small Remote-Access VPN
Small Remote-Access VPN Solution
Example: Large Remote-Access VPN
Large Remote-Access VPN Solution
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
Site-to-Site VPN Solution
Remote-Access VPN Solution
Revised Network Diagrams
10. Designing Enterprise Wireless Networks.
Reviewing the Wireless LAN Solution
Emerging Wireless Enterprise Network Needs
Wireless Communication Architecture
Access Point Coverage
Cell Distribution
802.11 Standards
Cisco Wireless Solutions
Access Points and Client Adapters
Workgroup Bridges
Wireless Bridges
Antennas
Designing WLANs for Enhanced Enterprise Communications
Enterprise WLAN Design Considerations
WLAN Data Rates
Client Density and Throughput
WLAN Coverage
RF Environment
Channel Selection
Access-Point Placement and Number
Inline Power
VLANs
IP Addressing
Infrastructure Availability
Back-End System Availability
Access-Point Hot Standby Redundancy
Roaming
Multicast
QoS
WLAN Security Design Considerations
WLAN Security Extension-EAP
WLAN LAN Extension-IPSec
WLAN Static WEP
Security Extension Comparison
Cisco EAP
Attack Mitigation Using EAP Authentication
Attack Mitigation Using IPSec
Small Office WLAN Design Model
Enterprise WLAN Design Model
Example: Enterprise WLAN Site Design
Example: Enterprise WLAN Remote Office Design
Remote-Access and Telecommuter WLAN Design Models
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
11. Designing IP Telephony Solutions.
Reviewing the Cisco IP Telephony Solution
Introducing the Cisco IP Telephony Solution
Cisco CallManager
Gateways and Control Protocols
Transcoders and Conferencing
Hardware Support
Unicast Conference Bridge
Cisco IP Telephony Applications
Designing a Network for Cisco IP Telephony
Cisco CallManager Cluster Design Considerations
Cluster Deployment Guidelines
Cluster Design
Designing Single-Site IP Telephony Solutions
Example: Single-Site
Single-Site Solution
Designing Multisite with Centralized Call Processing IP Telephony Solutions
Designing Multisite with Distributed Call Processing IP Telephony Solutions
Example: Distributed Call Processing
Distributed Call Processing Solution
Clustering over the IP WAN
Local Failover
Remote Failover
Network Infrastructure Design Considerations
Layer 2 Voice Transport
VoIP over Leased Lines
Voice over Frame Relay
Voice over ATM
Network Bandwidth Provisioning
Provisioning for Voice Bearer Traffic
Provisioning for Call Control Traffic
Traffic Engineering
Dial Plan Design Considerations
Intelligent Network Services for IP Telephony and Voice
IP Telephony Network Management Tools
High Availability
Voice Security
QoS Design Considerations
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
12. Designing Content Networking Solutions.
Reviewing the Content Networking Solution
Enterprise Content Networking Requirements
Content Networking Architecture
Content Caching
Transparent Caching Deployment
Proxy Caching Deployment
Reverse Proxy Caching Deployment
Content Switching
Content Routing
Direct Mode Content Routing
WCCP Mode Content Routing
Content Distribution and Management
Intelligent Network Services Integration
Designing Content Networking Solutions
Content Networking Design Considerations
Content Networking Solutions for Web Content Delivery
Example: Web Content Delivery
Web Content Delivery Solution
Content Networking Solutions for E-Commerce
Example: E-Commerce
E-Commerce Solution
Content Networking Solutions for Streaming Media
Example: Streaming Media
Streaming Media Solution
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
13. Designing Storage Networking Solutions.
Reviewing the Cisco Storage Networking Solution
Enterprise Needs for Storage Networking
Storage Consolidation
Business Continuance and Backup
Cisco Storage Networking Architecture
Network Storage Models
SANs
Network-Attached Storage
Network Technology Enablers for Storage Networks
iSCSI
FCIP
Intelligent Network Services for Storage Networking
Designing a Storage Networking Architecture with IP Access
Designing a Storage Networking Architecture
IP Access to Storage
Example: IP Access to Storage
IP Access to Storage Solution
Storage over WAN
Example: Storage over WAN
Storage over WAN Solution
Example: Storage over Optical Metro
Storage over Optical Metro Solution
Network-Attached Storage Model
Example: Network-Attached Storage
Network-Attached Storage Solution
Summary
References
Product Summary
Standards and Specification Summary
Review Questions
Case Study: OCSIC Bottling Company
Appendix A. Answers to Review Questions.
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Glossary.
Index.
CCDP Self-Study: Designing Cisco Network Architectures (ARCH) is based on the current version of the Cisco Systems ARCH course. It presents a structured format for the conceptual and intermediate design of AVVID network infrastructures and enables readers to design solutions scaling from small to large enterprise networks incorporating the latest technologies from virtual private networks, wireless, IP telephony, content networking, and storage networks. How the Book will differ from the previous edition: The CCDP Self-Study Guide: Designing Cisco Network Service Architectures (ARCH) updates and enhances the coverage of network design presented in the Cisco Internetwork Design (CID). Coverage of Cisco's design methodology is updated to align with the Enterprise Composite Network Model. Also, to keep pace with Cisco's technological developments and new product offerings, this Self-Study Guide adds coverage of wireless networking, the SAFE Blueprint, content networking, storage networking, Quality of Service (QoS), IP Telephony, IP Multicasting, network management, and high availability networks. Token Ring, FDDI, desktop protocol design (for Apple systems, Windows, and IPX), and SNA are omitted from this updated edition.
Keith Hutton is a senior Cisco network administrator with Magma Communications Ltd., Canada’s leading, full-service Internet company. Prior to joining Magma, Keith worked as a certified Cisco Systems instructor with Global Knowledge Canada. He currently holds the CCNP® and CCDP certifications.
Amir Ranjbar, CCIE® No. 8669, is a senior network architect at Global Knowledge and is a certified Cisco Systems instructor. Amir is author of the CCNP CIT Exam Certification Guide, published by Cisco Press.
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