Table of Contents

Introduction
How to use this book
Biographies of contributors
The absolute
Abstraction
The Academy
Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund (1903-69)
Aesthetics, art and beauty
African philosophy
Agnosticism
Akrasia
Algorithm
Alienation
Althusser, Louis Pierre (1918-90)
Altruism
Analysis, philosophical
Anarchism
Anathema
Angst
Animals
Anselm, Saint Thomas (1033-1109)
Antinomies
Apeiron
Apodeictic
Aporia
Appearance
Applied philosophy
A priori and a posteriori
Aquinas, Saint Thomas (1225-74)
Arendt, Hannah, (1906-75)
Arete
Arguments and argument types
Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
Arithmetic
Artificial intelligence
Ass, Buridan's
Astrology
Atheism
Atomism
Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430)
Axioms
Bachelard, Gaston (1884-1962)
Bacon, Francis (1561-1626)
Bacon, Roger (1214-94)
Bakhtin, Makhail (1895-1975)
Barber paradox
Bayle, Pierre (1647-1706)
Deauty
De Beauvoir, Simone (1908-86)
Beetle box analogy
Behaviorism
Belief
Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832)
Bergson, Henri-Louis (1859-1941)
Berkeley, George (1685-1753)
Bioethics
Boethius (c. 480-525)
Boolean algebra
Bradley, Francis (1846-1924)
Brentano, Franz (1838-1917)
Buddhism
Burke, Edmund (1729-97)
Business ethics
Butler, Joseph (1692-1752)
Butler, Samuel (1835-1902)
Calculus
Calvin, John (1509-64)
Camus, Albert (1913-60)
Cantor, Georg (1845-1918)
Capitalism
Carnap, Rudolf (1891-1970)
Carroll, Lewis (1832-98)
Category mistake
Causation
Cave, analogy of
Ceteris paribus
Chaos theory
The ‘Chinese room’
Chrysippus of Soli (c. 280-207 BCE)
Chuang Tzu (369-286 BCE)
Cicero, Marco Tullius (106-43 BCE)
Cogito
Cognitive science
Colours
Common sense
Communism
Community and communitarianism
Comte, Auguste (1798-1857)
Concepts
Confucius (551-479 BCE)
Conscience
Consciousness, false
Consent
Conservatism
Consistency, logical
Constitutionalism
Continental philosophy
Contract, social
Convention
Copernicus (1473-1543)
Corollary
Correspondence theory
Cosmological argument
Cosmology
Counterfactuals
Critical theory
Critical thinking, informal logic
Culture
Customs
Cynics and Cynicism
Darwin (and Darwinism)
Death
Democracy
Democritus (c. 460-370 BCE)
Deontology
Derrida, Jacques (1930-2004)
René Descartes (1596-1650)
Determinism
Dewey, John (1859-1952)
Dialectic
Dichotomy
Dilemmas
Diogenes Laertius
Diogenes of Sinope, 'the Cynic' (c. 400-325 BCE)
Direct action (non-violent)
Dogmatism
Double effect, ethical notion of
Dreams
Dualism
Duck-rabbit
Duns Scotus, John (c.1266-1308)
Émile Durkheim (1858-1917)
Duty
Ecocentrism
Economics
Education
Ego, egoism
Einstein, Albert (1879-1955)
Eleatics
Elenchus
Emotion
Empedocles (c. 490-432 BCE)
Ends (means)
Energy
Engels, Friedrich (1820-95)
The Enlightenment
Entropy
Environmental ethics
Epictetus (c. 50-130)
Epicurus (341-270 BCE)
Epiphenomenalism
Epistemology
Equality
ESP
Esse est percipi
Essence
Eternal recurrence
Ethics
Eudaimonia
Euthanasia
Euthyphro problem
Evil
Evolution
Existence
Existentialism
Experience
Fact-value distinction
Fallacies
Family resemblance
Al-Farabi, Abu Nasr (c.870-950)
Fascism
Fatalism
Feminist philosophy
Feuerbach, Ludwig (1804-72)
Feyerabend, Paul (1924-94)
Fichte, Johann (1762-1814)
Fiction
Film ethics
Final causes
Forgery
Fork, Hume's
Formalism
Foucault, Michel (1926-84)
The Four Freedoms (Roosevelt's)
Franklin, Benjamin (1706-90)
Frege, Gottlob (1848-1935)
Freud, Sigmund (1856-1939)
Future generations
Galileo (1564-1642)
Gambler's fallacy
Game theory
Games (in ethics)
Gandhi, Mohandas (1869-1948)
Gassendi, Pierre (1592-1655)
Gautama, Siddhartha (c. 567-487 BCE)
Geach, Peter (1916-)
Gentzen, Gerhard (1909-45)
Geulincx, Arnold (1624-69)
General will
Gentile, Giovanni (1875-1944)
Gentzen, Gerhard (1909-45)
Gestalt psychology
Geulincx, Arnold (1624-69)
Al-Ghazali, Abu (1058-1111)
God (and arguments for and against existence of)
Godel, Kurt (1906-84)
Godwin, William (1756-1836)
Golden rule
Good
Gramsci, Antonio (1891-1937)
Grotius, Hugo (1583-1645)
Grue (Goodman's paradox)
Habermas, Jurgen (1929-)
Haecceity
Happiness
Hayek, Friedrich (1899-1902)
Hedonism
Hegel, G.W.F (1770-1831)
Heidegger, Martin (1889-1976)
Hell (and heaven)
Hellenistic philosophy
Héloïse complex
Heraclitus (of Ephesus)
Hermeneutics
Hermetic corpus
Hero of Alexandria (1st century CE)
Hilbert, David (1862-1943)
Hinduism
Hippocrates (5th century BCE)
Historicism
History of philosophy
Hobbes, Thomas (1588-1679)
D’Holbach, Baron (1723-89)
Holism
Holiness
Homosexuality
Homunculus fallacy
Humanism
Human nature
Human rights
Hume, David (1711-76)
Humour
Husserl, Edmund (1859-1938)
Hutcheson, Frances (1694-1746)
Hypatia (370-415)
Hypothesis
Idealism, Ideals, and ideas
Idols
Illusion (arguments from)
Immortality
Imperialism
Implication (logical)
Indian philosophy
Individuals and in

About the Author

Martin Cohen is the editor of the Philosophy Journal and the author of 101 Philosophy Problems and 101 Ethical Dilemmas (Routledge).