Table of Contents

AcknowledgmentsAbbreviationsCh. 1From Gregory to the Ottonians3Ch. 2A Gregorian Processional Antiphon19Ch. 3Toledo, Rome, and the Legacy of Gaul31Ch. 4Charlemagne's Archetype of Gregorian Chant82Ch. 5On the Origin of Neumes109Ch. 6On Gregorian Orality141Ch. 7Abbot Helisachar's Antiphoner178Ch. 8Aurelian's Use of Neumes187Ch. 9Plainchant before Neumes195Ch. 10A Carolingian Visual Model214Ch. 11Memory, Neumes, and Square Notations253Index267

About the Author

Kenneth Levy is Scheide Professor of Music History Emeritus at Princeton University. He is well known for his work in medieval music, particularly Byzantine and Latin plainchant. He is the author of Music: A Listener's Introduction.