Table of Contents

One Fundamentals of Electrons in Materials.- 1 Properties of a material continuum.- 1.1 Relationships between macroscopic properties of materials.- 1.2 Mechanical properties.- 1.3 Electrical properties.- 1.4 Optical properties.- 1.5 Thermal properties.- 1.6 Magnetic properties.- 1.7 Relationships between various bulk properties.- 1.8 Conclusions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 2 Properties of atoms in materials.- 2.1 The role of atoms within a material.- 2.2 The harmonic potential model.- 2.3 Specific heat capacity.- 2.4 Conclusions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 3 Conduction electrons in materials - classical approach.- 3.1 Electrons as classical particles in materials.- 3.2 Electrical properties and the classical free-electron model.- 3.3 Thermal properties and the classical free-electron model.- 3.4 Optical properties of metals.- 3.5 Conclusions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 4 Conduction electrons in materials - quantum corrections.- 4.1 Electronic contribution to specific heat.- 4.2 Wave equation for free electrons.- 4.3 Boundary conditions: the Sommerfeld model.- 4.4 Distribution of electrons among allowed energy levels.- 4.5 Material properties predicted by the quantum free-electron model.- 4.6 Conclusions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 5 Bound electrons and the periodic potential.- 5.1 Models for describing electrons in materials.- 5.2 Solution of the wave equation in a one-dimensionalperiodic square-well potential.- 5.3 The origin of energy bands in solids: the tight-bindingapproximation.- 5.4 Energy bands in a solid.- 5.5 Reciprocal or wave vector k-space.- 5.6 Examples of band structure diagrams.- 5.7 Conclusions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- Two Properties of Materials.- 6 Electronic properties of metals.- 6.1 Electrical conductivity of metals.- 6.2 Reflectance and absorption.- 6.3 The Fermi surface.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 7 Electronic properties of semiconductors.- 7.1 Electron band structures of semiconductors.- 7.2 Intrinsic semiconductors.- 7.3 Extrinsic (or impurity) semiconductors.- 7.4 Optical properties of semiconductors.- 7.5 Photoconductivity.- 7.6 The Hall effect.- 7.7 Effective mass and mobility of charge carriers.- 7.8 Semiconductor junctions.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 8 Electrical and thermal properties of materials.- 8.1 Macroscopic electrical properties.- 8.2 Quantum mechanical description of conduction electronbehaviour.- 8.3 Dielectric properties.- 8.4 Other effects caused by electric fields, magnetic fieldsand thermal gradients.- 8.5 Thermal properties of materials.- 8.6 Other thermal properties.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 9 Optical properties of materials.- 9.1 Optical properties.- 9.2 Interpretation of optical properties in terms of simplifiedelectron band structure.- 9.3 Band structure determination from optical spectra.- 9.4 Photoluminescence and electroluminesence.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- 10 Magnetic properties of materials.- 10.1 Magnetism in materials.- 10.2 Types of magnetic material.- 10.3 Microscopic classification of magnetic materials.- 10.4 Band electron theory of magnetism.- 10.5 The localized electron model of magnetism.- 10.6 Applications of magnetic materials.- References.- Further Reading.- Exercises.- Three Applications of Electronic Materials.- 11 Microelectronics - semiconductor technology.- 11.1 Use of materials for specific electronic functions.- 11.2 Semiconductor materials.- 11.3 Typical semiconductor devices.- 11.4 Microelectronic semiconductor devices.- 11.5 Future improvements in semiconductors.- References.- Further Reading.- 12 Optoelectronics - solid-state optical devices.- 12.1 Electronic materials with optical functions.- 12.2 Materials for optoelectronic devices.- 12.3 Lasers.- 12.4 Fibre optics and telecommunications.- 12.5 Liquid-crystal displays.- References.- Further Reading.- 13 Quantum electronics - superconducting materials.- 13.1 Quantum effects in electrical conductivity.- 13.2 Theories of superconductivity.- 13.3 Recent developments in high-temperature superconductors.- 13.4 Applications of superconductors.- References.- Further Reading.- 14 Magnetic materials - magnetic recording technology.- 14.1 Magnetic recording of information.- 14.2 Magnetic recording materials.- 14.3 Conventional magnetic recording using particulate media.- 14.4 Magneto-optic recording.- References.- Further Reading.- 15 Electronic materials for transducers - sensors and actuators.- 15.1 Transducers.- 15.2 Transducer performance parameters.- 15.3 Transducer materials considerations.- 15.4 Ferroelectric materials.- 15.5 Ferroelectrics as transducers.- References.- Further Reading.- 16 Electronic materials for radiation detection.- 16.1 Radiation sensors.- 16.2 Gas-filled detectors.- 16.3 Semiconductor detectors.- 16.4 Scintillation detectors.- 16.5 Thermoluminescent detectors.- 16.6 Pyroelectric sensors.- References.- Further Reading.- Solutions.- Author Index.

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