List of Figures and Tables ix A Note on Transliteration and Personal and Place Names xi Turkish Pronunciation Guide xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Fin-de-siecle Salonica 8 Chapter 2. Das Volk in Waffen: The Formation of an Ottoman Officer 31 Chapter 3. The Scientism of the Young Turks 48 Chapter 4. From Wars to the Great War: A Hero Is Born 68 Chapter 5. Muslim Communism? The Turkish War of Independence 86 Chapter 6. The Secular Republic 129 Chapter 7. Nationalism and Kemalism 160 Chapter 8. Turkey and the West 199 Conclusion 226 Bibliography 233 Index 255
M. Sukru Hanioglu is the Garrett Professor in Foreign Affairs in the Department of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. His books include "A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire" (Princeton).
"[F]resh and concise ..."--New Yorker "[T]his intellectual biography is a significant achievement, and indispensable for anyone seeking to understand the roots of modern Turkey."--Times Higher Education "Ataturk does not lack for biographers, most of whose books are adulatory, but none has so thoroughly brought to life the ideological climate that molded the man as has Hanioglu. And few have presented Ataturk with such objectivity."--Foreign Affairs "In this timely and brilliantly articulated book, Hanioglu reaffirms the need for an intimate understanding of historical context in biographical research... This rich and exhaustively researched study is indispensible for academics and students of Turkish and Middle Eastern studies alike. It is the definitive biography of Ataturk and an instant classic in the field."--Douglas H. Garrison, Digest of Middle East Studies "Cutting through years of writings filled with admiration for this charismatic leader and a popular sentiment close to hero worship, Hanioglu performs a skillful analysis, focusing on the ideas and intellectual movements that shaped the statesman, rather than recounting Ataturk's personal life... Hanioglu does a stellar job highlighting the scientific trends Ataturk used to validate his Turkish national ideal."--Library Journal "Hanioglu has prepared a concise, compelling biography of the founder of modern Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. He examines the political and intellectual movements that influenced Ataturk from his early school years until his death in 1938, along with the implementation of their ideas, which led to the development of the Republic of Turkey... This work provides the essential intellectual framework to understand Ataturk and the enormity of his accomplishments."--Choice "M. Sukru Hanioglu probes the bold and pragmatic mind of Ataturk in his new book... Hanioglu provides us with a fresh way to look at Ataturk."--Saudi Gazette "Professor Sukru Hanioglu ... combines elegance and meticulousness in Ataturk."--Andrew Mango, Literary Review "Professor Hanioglu's study, based on meticulous research of primary sources, deals with the social setting and intellectual sources that shaped the ideas that have directed Ataturk's actions and policies. The book not only helps demythologize Ataturk, it also provides a most valuable contribution to a better understanding of the state he founded... Ataturk is indispensable reading for anyone who wishes to understand Turkey's politics."--Sahin Alpay, Today's Zaman "M. Sukru Hanioglu's latest book, Ataturk: An Intellectual Biography, is probably the best book on Ataturk's legacy and his historic role... Hanioglu managed to combine both impartiality and immediate access to Turkish sources to produce a classic."--Herkul Millas, Today's Zaman "This book has the potential to inspire a new period of much needed assessment of Ataturk's thought, work and legacy."--Rifat Kandiyoti, Political Quarterly "This book breaks new ground in seeking to determine what Ataturk's reforms actually meant for their creator instead of trying to fit together his policies into a coherent doctrine called Ataturkism, as others have done. It is an important addition to the literature on the republic that Ataturk sought to define, and was determined to create."--Clement Dodd, Journal of Islamic Studies "This book is aimed less at historians of the Ottoman Empire or of Turkey than at a wider public. It is a fine work of synthesis, fully accessible to non-specialists, which takes account of the complexity of the transitional period between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. Hanioglu's line of argument is perfectly clear and his account is easy to follow."--Clelia Delbarre, booksandideas.net "By setting [Ataturk's] remarkable achievements within their historical context, Mr Hanioglu has not only done him a service, he has also provided the reader a better understanding of the contradictions of the fascinating country that is modern Turkey."--Kanika Datta, Business Standard
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