Table of Contents

Part I: Introduction: 1. Gender, Hierarchy, and Leadership: An Introduction, Linda L. Carli and Alice H. Eagly. Part II: Bias in the Evaluation of Women Leaders: 2. Gender, Status, and Leadership: Cecilia L. Ridgeway. 3. Description and Prescription: How Gender Stereotypes Prevent Women's Ascent Up the Organizational Ladder: Madeline E. Heilman. 4. A Global Look at Psychological Barriers to Women's Progress in Management: Virginia E. Schein. 5. Gender Stereotypes and the Evaluation of Men and Women in Military Training: Jennifer Boldry, Wendy Wood, and Deborah A. Kashy. 6. Shifting Standards and the Evaluation of Competence: Complexity in Gender-Based Judgment and Decision Making: Monica Biernat and Kathleen Fuegen. Part III: Gender Effects on Social Influence and Hireability: 7. Gender and Social Influence: Linda L. Carli. 8. Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes and Backlash Toward Agentic Women: Laurie A. Rudman and Peter Glick. 9. Gender, Ethnicity, and Power: Felicia Pratto and Penelope Espinoza. Part IV: Characteristics of Women's Leadership: 10. The Leadership Styles of Women and Men: Alice H. Eagly and Mary C. Johannesen-Schmidt. 11. Envisioning Positions of Leadership: The Expectations of University Students in Virginia and Puerto Rico: Hilary M. Lips. Part V: Strategies for Change: 12. Making Leadership Work More Effectively for Women: Janice D. Yoder. Part VI: 2000 SPSSI Presidential Address: 13. On the Nature of Contemporary Prejudice: The Third Wave: John F. Dovidio.

About the Author

Linda Carli is Visiting Associate Professor of Pscyhology at Wellesley College. She received her PhD in psychology from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Her published research includes papers examining the effects of gender on group interaction, communication, and influence, as well as papers on reactions to adversity and victimization. Currently, she is involved in research examining children's use of gender as a status characteristic. In addition to her teaching and research, she has developed and conducted negotiation and conflict resolution workshops for women leaders and has lectured to business organizations on sex discrimination and the challenges faced by professional women.

Alice H. Eagly is Professor of Psychology at Northwestern. She has published widely on the psychology of attitudes, especially attitude change and attitude structure. She is equally devoted to the study of gender. In both of these areas, she has carried out primary research and meta-analyses of research literature. She is the author of Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social Role Interpretation and (with Shelly Chaiken) The Psychology of Attitudes and the coeditor of two volumes. Eagly is also the author of numerous journal articles, chapters, notes, and reviews in her research specialities.