Table of Contents

Section 1 DEMOGRAPHICS 1 Demographics, Allan Collins Section 2 VASCULAR ACCESS FOR HEMODIALYSIS 2 Temporary Vascular Access for Hemodialysis, John J. White, Matthew J. Oliver, and Steve J. Schwab 3 Evaluation for Vascular Access Dysfunction, David Windus 4 Vascular Access for Hemodialysis, Peter F. Lawrence 5 Major Complications from Vascular Access for Chronic Hemodialysis, Jeffrey L. Kaufman 6 Dialysis Access Recirculation, Richard A. Sherman and Toros Kapoian Section 3 PERITONEAL ACCESS DEVICES 7 Peritoneal Access Devices and Placement Techniques, Stephen R. Ash 8 Complications of Acute Peritoneal Catheter Insertion, Anthony R. Zappacosta Section 4 MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF DIALYSIS 9 Water Treatment Equipment for In-Center Hemodialysis: Including Verification of Water Quality and Disinfection, Richard A. Ward 10 Single-Patient Hemodialysis Machines, Richard A. Ward 11 Single Needle Dialysis, Matthias Kraemer 12 Safety Monitors in Hemodialysis, Joanne D. Pittard 13 Methods of Hemodialysis Anticoagulation, Patrick H. Pun and Eugene C. Kovalik 14 Home Preparation and Installation for Home Hemodialysis, Christopher R. Blagg and Connie Anderson 15 Peritoneal Dialysis Cyclers and other Mechanical Devices, Jose A. Diaz-Buxo Section 5 DIALYZERS 16 Choosing the Dialyser Technical and Clinical Considerations, Nicholas A. Hoenich and Claudio Ronco 17 Biocompatibility of Dialysis Membranes, Nicholas A Hoenich and Claudio Ronco Section 6 KINETIC MODELING IN HEMODIALYSIS 18 Urea Kinetic Modeling to Guide Hemodialysis Therapy in Adults, Frank A. Gotch 19 Simplified Formulas and Nomograms for Monitoring Hemodialysis Adequacy, Richard A. Sherman and Robert Hootkins Section 7 IMPROVING OUTCOMES IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS 20 Quality, Safety, and Accountability, Jay B. Wish 21 Initiation of Dialysis Therapy, Scott G. Satko and John M. Burkart 22 Daily (quotidian) Hemodialysis, Andreas Pierratos, Chris Chan, and Phil McFarlane 23 NKF-K/DOQI (DOQI): Key Recommendations, Adeera Levin and Mike Rocco Section 8 THE HEODIALYSIS PROCEDURE 24 Cannulation of Hemodialysis Vascular Access: Science and Art, Leslie C. Dinwiddie 25 Isolated Ultrafiltration, John J. White, Laura L. Mulloy, Ralph J. Caruana, and Todd S. Ing Section 9 COMPLICATIONS DURING HEMODIALYSIS 26 Common Clinical Problems during Hemodialysis, Peter Kotanko and Nathan W. Levin 27 Hemodialysis-Associated Seizure Activity, Neenoo Khosla 28 Arrhythmias in Hemodialysis Patients, Claudio Rigatto and Patrick S. Parfrey 29 Prevention and Therapeutic Management of Bleeding in Dialysis Patients, Paola Boccardo, Miriam Galbusera, and Giuseppe Remuzzi 30 Hemolysis during Hemodialysis, Ramin Sam, Leila Haghighat, Carl M. Kjellstrand, and Todd S. Ing Section 10 REUSE OF HEMODIALYZERS 31 Methods and Complications of Dialyzer Reuse, John K. Leypoldt Section 11 ALTERNATIVE HEMODIALYTIC TECHNIQUES 32 Clinical Application of High-Efficiency Hemodialysis, Gerald Schulman 33 Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies: CAVH, CVVH, CAVHD, CVVHD and CVVHDF, Andre A. Kaplan 34 The Allient(R) Sorbent Hemodialysis System, Warren Shapiro 35 Convective Renal Replacement Therapies for Acute Renal Failure and End-Stage Renal Disease, Jeffrey J. Letteri, Claudio Ronco, Zhongping Huang, Dayong Gao, and William R. Clark Section 12 PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: CLINICAL PRACTICE 36 Determination of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) Prescriptions, Scott G. Satko and John M. Burkart 37 Tidal Peritoneal Dialysis, Zbylut J. Twardowski 38 Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions, Declan de Freitas and Alastair Hutchison 39 Lymphatics, Peritoneal Fluid Losses and Peritoneal Dialysis, Ramesh Khanna Section 13 PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS 40 Abnormalities of Host Defense Mechanisms during Peritoneal Dialysis, Clifford J. Holmes 41 Peritoneal Catheter Exit-Site and Tunnel Infections, Zbylut J. Twardowski 42 Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Philip Kam-Tao Li, Chi-Bon Leung, Cheuk-Chun Szeto Section 14 PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: NONINFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS 43 Apparently Inadequate Peritoneal Membrane Function for Solute Removal, Zbylut J. Twardowski 44 Ultrafiltration Failure and Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS), Dana Negoi and Ramesh Khanna 45 Hypotension in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Ramesh Khanna 46 Abdominal Catastrophes, Peritoneal Eosinophilia, and Other Unusual Events in Peritoneal Dialysis, Rajnish Mehrotra and Pranay Kathuria Section 15 PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: INTRA-ABDOMINALPRESSURE-RELATED COMPLICATIONS 47 Abdominal Hernias in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, Michael H. Schwenk, Bruce S. Spinowitz, and Chaim Charytan 48 Dialysate Leaks, Michael H. Schwenk, Chaim Charytan, and Bruce S. Spinowitz 49 Hydrothorax and Peritoneal Dialysis, Michael H. Schwenk, Bruce S. Spinowitz, and Chaim Charytan Section 16 ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS 50 Acid-Base Homeostasis in Dialysis, F. John Gennari Section 17 NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF DIALYSIS PATIENTS 51 Nutritional Therpy in Maintenance Hemodialysis, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh 52 Nutritional Management in Peritoneal Dialysis, Robert M. Lindsay and Evelyn Spanner 53 Parenteral Nutrition in Patients undergoing Maintenance Dialysis, Denis Fouque and Raymond Vanholder Section 18 GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE 54 Liver Disease in Dialysis Patients, Fabrizio Fabrizi, Suphamai Bunnapradist, and Paul Martin 55 Ascites in Dialysis Patients, Alf M. Tannenberg Section 19 THE HIV-INFECTED PATIENT 56 Care of the HIV-infected Dialysis Patient, Rudolph A. Rodriguez Section 20 ANEMIA AND EPOETIN USE 57 Anemia in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease, Rebecca Schmidt and Anatole Besarab 58 Epoetin Use in Hemodialysis Patients, Arthur Tsai and Jeffrey S. Berns 59 Treatment of Anemia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Curtis A. Johnson, Maureen Wakeen, and Stephen W. Zimmerman 60 Hypertension and Epoetin Use in Dialysis Patients, Nosratola D. Vaziri and M. V. Pahl 61 Epoetin and Iron Deficiency, Rajiv Agarwal 62 Refractoriness to Recombinant Human Epoetin (rHuEPO) Treatment, John C. Stivelman 63 Erythropoietin and Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease, Steven D. Weisbord and Paul L. Kimmel 64 Target Hemoglobin, Mitchell H. Rosner and W. Kline Bolton Section 21 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 65 Hypertension in Chronic Dialysis Patients, Lionel U. Mailloux 66 Management of Ischemic Heart Disease, Heart Failure and Pericarditis in Hemodialysis Patients, Sean W. Murphy and Patrick S. Parfrey Section 22 METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES 67 Management of Hyperlipidemia in Chronic Dialysis Patients, Ziad A. Massy and William F. Keane 68 Abnormalities of Thyroid Function in Chronic Dialysis Patients, Elaine M. Kaptein 69 Metabolic Abnormalities: Evaluation of Sexual Dysfunction, Biff F. Palmer Section 23 NEUROLOGIC ASPECTS OF UREMIA 70 Management of Uremic Peripheral Neuropathy, Morrell Michael Avram and Neal Mittman 71 Electroencephalography in the Evaluation of Neurologic Function, Warren S. Brown 72 Impact of Anemia and Its Correction on Brain Function, Allen R. Nissenson Section 24 UREMIC OSTEODYSTROPHY 73 Differential Diagnosis of Renal Osteodystrophy, Pouneh Nouri, Bijan Nikakhtar, and Francisco Llach 74 Phosphate Binders, L. Kooienga, A. Bellasi, and G.A. Block 75 Use of Vitamin D Sterols in Patients with ESRD, Kevin J. Martin and Esther A. Gonzalez 76 Aluminum-Related Bone Disease in Dialysis Patients, William G. Goodman 77 Management of Aluminum Toxicity, Antonios H. Tzamaloukas and Dominic Raj 78 Parathyroidectomy, Phuong-Chi T. Pham and Phuong-Thu T. Pham Section 25 DIALYSIS AMYLOIDOSIS 79 Dialysis Amyloidosis, Sergio R. Acchiardo Section 26 ACQUIRED CYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE 80 Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease, Margaret MacDougall Section 27 DIABETES 81 End Stage Renal Failure in the Diabetic Patient, Jeffrey Giullian and Anthony Langone 82 Choice of Insulin Administration Route in Diabetic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Jose A. Diaz-Buxo and Terri L. Crawford-Bonadio Section 28 DRUG USE IN UREMIA 83 Principles of Drug Usage in Dialysis Patients. Ali J. Olyaei and William M. Bennett Section 29 REHABILITATION AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES 84 Physical Activity and Functioning in Dialysis Patients, Patricia Painter 85 Rehabilitation of Adult Dialysis Patients: Physical, Psychosocial, and Vocational, John H. Sadler 86 Ethical Considerations in the Care of Dialysis Patients, Charles Foulks Section 30 PEDIATRIC DIALYSIS 87 Vascular Access in Children, D. L. Cass 88 Infant Hemodialysis, Eileen N. Ellis 89 Urea Kinetic Modeling to Prescribe Hemodialysis in Children, Avram Z. Traum and Michael J.G. Somers 90 Anticoagulation in Children on Hemodialysis, Elizabeth Harvey and Daljit K. Hothi 91 Peritoneal Catheter Placement in Children, Mary L. Brandt and Eileen D. Brewer 92 Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Orders, Karen Tipton, Suzanne White, and Mark Benfield 93 Nutritional Management of Children on Peritoneal Dialysis, Ashley A. Perilloux and Isidro B. Salusky 94 Infant and Neonatal Peritoneal Dialysis, Alicia M. Neu 95 Dialysis in Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Franz Schaefer 96 Psychosocial Adjustment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with ESRD, Erik Qvist, Kai Ronnholm, and Christer Holmberg 97 Growth in Children with ESRD, Steven J. Wassner 98 Adequacy of Peritoneal Dialysis in Pediatric Patients, Vimal Chadha and Bradley A. Warady 99 PET in Pediatric Patients, Cornelis H. Schroder 100 CRRT in Pediatric Patients, Carl H. Cramer II and Patrick D. Brophy 101 Prevention and Treatment of Bone Disease in Pediatric Dialysis Patients, Cheryl P. Sanchez 102 Management of Anemia in Children on Dialysis, Amira Al-Uzri 103 Assessing Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Dialysis, Stuart L. Goldstein 104 Immunization in Children Undergoing Dialysis, Jodi M. Smith and Janet A. Englund 105 Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Complications, Mark M. Mitsnefes Section 31 SURGERY 106 Surgery in ESRD Patients, Michael J. Moritz and Vincent T. Armenti Section 32 THE PREGNANT PATIENT 107 Pregnancy in Dialysis Patients, Susan Hou Section 33 DRUG OVERDOSE 108 Treatment of Poisoning with Extracorporeal Methods, James F. Winchester, Nikolas Harbord, Donald A. Feinfeld

About the Author

Dr. Richard E. Fine received his Bachelor's and PhD degrees in Biochemistry from University of California at Berkeley and Brandeis University respectively. He then was a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of Francis Crick and Sydney Brenner at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, U.K. During this period he and his colleague, Dennis Bray provided the first evidence for actin in growing neurons. Dr. Fine became an Assistant Professor of Physiology and Biochemistry at Boston University School of Medicine and demonstrated the existence of actin regulatory molecules, tropomyosin and troponin C in growing neurons, and he subsequently became interested in the role of clathrin coated vesicles in endocytic and exocytic processes in neurons and in other tissues. He also isolated and characterized vasopressin receptors, demonstrated for the first time that a large molecular, transferrin, can cross the blood brain barrier. Our lab in collaboration with Dr. Ken Kosik were the first to show that an antisense oligonucleotide can be used in vivo to block the synthesis of a single protein. Using the rabbit retina we were able to show that an antisense nucleotide against the kinesin mRNA can block the critical role of kinesin in the transport of synaptic vesicles, neuropeptide containing vesicles and vesicles destined for the plasma membrane. In recent years Dr. Fine's laboratory has focused on the role of the amyloid beta peptide in Alzheimer's disease especially in brain capillary endothelium. Also he has recently focused on the role of a mutant protein VPS35, a component of the retromer in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. During his career he has received over $25,000,000 in grant funding, have served on both NIH and VA review panels and authored or co-authored over 100 research papers.