Table of Contents

List of Contributors, ix

Preface to the Fourth Edition, xiii

Foreword, xv

List of Abbreviations, xvi

Part 1 Diabetes in its Historical and Social Context

1 The History of Diabetes Mellitus, 3
Robert B. Tattersall

2 The Classifi cation and Diagnosis of Diabetes, 24
K. George M.M. Alberti

3 Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes, 31
Lars C. Stene, Valma Harjutsalo, Elena Moltchanova & Jaakko Tuomilehto

4 Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes, 45
Ronald C.W. Ma & Peter C.Y. Tong

5 The Global Burden of Diabetes, 69
Mohammed K. Ali, Mary Beth Weber & K.M. Venkat Narayan

Part 2 Normal Physiology

6 Islet Function and Insulin Secretion, 87
Peter M. Jones & Shanta J. Persaud

7 Insulin Action, 104
Xuxia Wu & W. Timothy Garvey

8 Control of Weight: How Do We Get Fat? 126
George A. Bray

Part 3 Pathogenesis of Diabetes

9 Type 1 Diabetes, 141

Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes, 141
Ahmed J. Delli, Helena Elding Larsson, Sten-A. Ivarsson & Åke Lernmark

Other Disorders with Type 1 Phenotype, 152
Alice P.S. Kong & Juliana C.N. Chan

10 Abnormalities of Insulin Secretion and -Cell Defects in Type 2 Diabetes, 160
Mazen Alsahli & John E. Gerich

11 Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes, 174
Hannele Yki-Järvinen

12 The Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes: From Candidate Gene Biology to Genome-Wide Studies, 191
Martine Vaxillaire & Philippe Froguel

13 Metabolic Disturbances in Diabetes, 215
Adrian Vella & Robert A. Rizza

14 Obesity and Diabetes, 227
Hans Hauner

Part 4 Other Types of Diabetes

15 Monogenic Causes of Diabetes, 245
Angus Jones & Andrew T. Hattersley

16 Drug-Induced Diabetes, 265
Neil J.L. Gittoes, John Ayuk & Robin E. Ferner

17 Endocrine Disorders that Cause Diabetes, 279
Neil A. Hanley

18 Pancreatic Diseases and Diabetes, 298
Ranjit Unnikrishnan & Viswanathan Mohan

Part 5 Managing the Patient with Diabetes

19 Clinical Presentations of Diabetes, 313
Ee Lin Lim & Roy Taylor

20 The Aims of Diabetes Care, 323
Richard I.G. Holt & Barry J. Goldstein

21 Educating the Patient with Diabetes, 334
Carolé Mensing & Barbara Eichorst

22 Lifestyle Issues: Diet, 346
Monika Toeller

23 Lifestyle Issues: Exercise, 358
Jane E. Yardley, Angela Alberga, Glen P. Kenny & Ronald J. Sigal

24 Social Aspects of Diabetes, 380
Brian M. Frier & Mark W.J. Strachan

25 Monitoring Diabetes, 399
Andrew J. Farmer

26 Drug Therapy: Special Considerations in Diabetes, 410
Bernard M.Y. Cheung & Robin E. Ferner

Part 6 Treatment of Diabetes

27 Insulin and Insulin Treatment, 427
Stephen Gough & Parth Narendran

28 New Technologies for Insulin Administration and Glucose Monitoring, 440
Howard Wolpert & Judy Shih

29 Oral Antidiabetic Agents, 452
Clifford J. Bailey & Andrew J. Krentz

30 Non-Insulin Parenteral Therapies, 478
Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad & Ole Schmitz

31 How to Use Type 2 Diabetes Treatments in Clinical Practice: Combination Therapies, 494
Joseph A. Aloi & Anthony L. McCall

32 In-Hospital Treatment and Surgery in Patients with Diabetes, 514
Maggie Sinclair Hammersley & June James

33 Hypoglycemia in Diabetes, 528
Philip E. Cryer

34 Acute Metabolic Complications of Diabetes: Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia, 546
Troels Krarup Hansen & Niels Møller

Part 7 Microvascular Complications in Diabetes

35 Pathogenesis of Microvascular Complications, 555
Ferdinando Giacco & Michael Brownlee

36 Diabetic Retinopathy, 575
Peter H. Scanlon

37 Diabetic Nephropathy, 599
Sally M. Marshall & Allan Flyvbjerg

38 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, 615
Dan Ziegler

Part 8 Macrovascular Complications in Diabetes

39 The Pathogenesis of Macrovascular Complications Including Atherosclerosis in Diabetes, 637
Riccardo Candido, Mark E. Cooper & Karin A.M. Jandeleit-Dahm

40 Cardiovascular Risk Factors, 657

Hypertension, 657
Peter M. Nilsson

Dyslipidemia: Diabetes Lipid Therapies, 672
Adie Viljoen & Anthony S. Wierzbicki

41 Congestive Heart Failure, 684
Inga S. Thrainsdottir & Lars Rydén

42 Cerebrovascular Disease, 698
Colum F. Amory & Jesse Weinberger

43 Peripheral Vascular Disease, 710
Henrik H. Sillesen

Part 9 Other Complications of Diabetes

44 Foot Problems in Patients with Diabetes, 727
Andrew J.M. Boulton

45 Sexual Function in Men and Woman with Diabetes, 743
David Price

46 Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Diabetes, 760
Adil E. Bharucha & Michael Camilleri

47 The Skin in Diabetes, 774
Graham R. Sharpe & Paul D. Yesudian

48 Bone and Rheumatic Disorders in Diabetes, 789
Andrew Grey & Nicola Dalbeth

49 Psychologic Factors and Diabetes, 807
Christopher M. Ryan

50 Diabetes and Infections, 835
Clive S. Cockram & Nelson Lee

Part 10 Diabetes in Special Groups

51 Diabetes in Childhood, 859
Christine Chan & Marian Rewers

52 Diabetes in Adolescence and Transitional Care, 875
Debbie Kralik & Maria Kambourakis

53 Diabetes in Pregnancy, 888
Anne Dornhorst & Anita Banerjee

54 Diabetes in Old Age, 922
Alan J. Sinclair

55 Psychiatric Disorders and Diabetes, 940
Robert C. Peveler & Richard I.G. Holt

Part 11 Delivery and Organization of Diabetes Care

56 The Role of Community and Specialist Services, 959
Jane Overland, Margaret McGill & Dennis K. Yue

57 The Role of the Multidisciplinary Team, 969
Wing-Yee So & Juliana C.N. Chan

58 Models of Diabetes Care Across Different Resource Settings, 984
Naomi S. Levitt, Bob Mash, Nigel Unwin, Jean Claude Mbanya, Jae-Hyoung Cho & Kun-Ho Yoon

Part 12 Future Directions

59 Future Drug Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes, 1001
Helena Elding Larsson, Ahmed J. Delli, Sten-A. Ivarsson & Åke Lernmark

60 Future Drug Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes, 1017
Clifford J. Bailey

61 Other Future Directions, 1045

Stem Cell Therapy in Diabetes, 1045
Shuibing Chen, Jayaraj Rajagopal, Qiao Zhou & Douglas A. Melton

Islet Transplantation, 1050
Angela Koh, Peter Senior & A.M. James Shapiro

Gene Therapy, 1064
Andreea R. Barbu & Nils Welsh

62 Future Models of Diabetes Care, 1070
Robert A. Gabbay & Alan M. Adelman

Index, 1081

About the Author

Richard I.G. Holt, MA, MB BChir, PhD, FRCP, FHEA
Professor in Diabetes & Endocrinology, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK

Clive S. Cockram, MB BS, BSc, MD (Lond), FRCP, FRACP, FHKAM (Med)
Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China

Allan Flyvbjerg, MD, DMSc
Professor of Clinical Endocrinology and Chair, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, The Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital - Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

Barry J. Goldstein, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE
Therapeutic Area Head, Diabetes and Obesity, Vice President, Clinical Research, Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ, USA

Reviews

“Of excellent technical production; many illustrations and tables in color.”  (Journal Pediatric Endocrinology
Reviews, 1 November 2012) "This sizeable book has been condensed into one volume with 12 sections and 62 chapters, each clearly laid out with colour diagrams, tables and a very useful summary of key points." (Diabetes Update, 1 April 2011) "Overall, the 4th edition of Textbook of Diabetes is likely to be most useful to health-care providers who are involved in diabetes disease state management. The evidence-based Clinical Practice Recommendations, developed by the American Diabetes Association and revised to include up-to-date research findings on an annual basis, are additional relevant and important resources for health-care providers and will complement the use of this textbook." (The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, January 2011) "A companion website (access included) contains all the content as well as multiple choice questions for each chapter, reference lists with external links, and figures from the book for downloading." (Book News, September 2010) "the 4th edition of the 'Textbook of Diabetes' is a complete reference guide to all aspects of diabetes care and a worthy successor to the previous editions. It will be an invaluable addition to any medical library or diabetes centre." (Practical Diabetes International, November 2010) "In common with previous editions there is an exceptional list of expert international contributors who have written chapters that are all well researched, easy to read and comprehensively referenced with the key points neatly summarised in bullet points at the beginning of each chapter. The book is also beautifully illustrated with numerous full colour figures and photographs." (Practical Diabetes International, November 2010)