Table of Contents

Foreword.


Introduction: Overview of Certification and How to Succeed.

I. OVERVIEW AND DESIGN OF A CAMPUS NETWORK.

1. Campus Network Overview.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Switching Functionality. Layer 2 Switching. Layer 3 Routing. Layer 3 Switching. Layer 4 Switching. Multilayer Switching (MLS). Campus Network Models. Shared Network Model. LAN Segmentation Model. Network Traffic Models. Predictable Network Model. Hierarchical Network Design. Access Layer. Distribution Layer. Core Layer. Cisco Products in the Hierarchical Design. Access Layer Switches. Distribution Layer Switches. Core Layer Switches. Product Summary. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 2. Modular Network Design.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Modular Network Design. The Switch Block. The Core Block. Dual Core. Core Size in a Campus Network. Other Building Blocks. Network Management Block. Enterprise Edge Block. Service Provider Edge Block. Can I Use Layer 2 Distribution Switches? Foundation Summary. Q&A.

II. BUILDING A CAMPUS NETWORK.

3. Switch Operation.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Layer 2 Switch Operation. Transparent Bridging. Follow That Frame! Multilayer Switch Operation. Types of Multilayer Switching. Follow That Packet! Multilayer Switching Exceptions. Tables Used in Switching. Content Addressable Memory (CAM). Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM). TCAM Example. Port Operations in TCAM. Troubleshooting Switching Tables. CAM Table Operation. TCAM Operation. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 4. Switch Configuration.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Switch Management. Operating Systems. Identifying the Switch. Passwords and User Access. Remote Access. Inter-Switch CommunicationCisco Discovery Protocol. Switch File Management. OS Image Files. Configuration Files. Other Catalyst Switch Files. Moving Catalyst Switch Files Around. Troubleshooting from the Operating System. Show Configuration and File Contents. Debugging Output. View CDP Information. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 5. Switch Port Configuration.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Ethernet Concepts. Ethernet (10 Mbps). Long Reach Ethernet (LRE). Fast Ethernet. Gigabit Ethernet. 10Gigabit Ethernet. Metro Ethernet. Connecting Switch Block Devices. Console Port Cables/Connectors. Ethernet Port Cables and Connectors. Gigabit Ethernet Port Cables and Connectors. Switch Port Configuration. Selecting Ports to Configure. Identifying Ports. Port Speed. Port Mode. Managing Error Conditions on a Switch Port. Automatically Recover from Error Conditions. Enable and Use the Switch Port. Troubleshooting Port Connectivity. Looking for Speed and/or Duplex Mismatches. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 6. VLANs and Trunks.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Virtual LANs. VLAN Membership. Configuring Static VLANs. Dynamic VLANs. Deploying VLANs. Local VLANs. VLAN Trunks. VLAN Frame Identification. IEEE 802.1Q Protocol. Dynamic Trunking Protocol. VLAN Trunk Configuration. Service Provider Tunneling. IEEE 802.1Q Tunnels. Configuring a 802.1Q Tunnel. Layer 2 Protocol Tunnels. Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling. Ethernet over MPLS Tunneling. Troubleshooting VLANs and Trunks. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 7. VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP).
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. VLAN Trunking Protocol. VTP Domains. VTP Modes. VTP Advertisements. VTP Configuration. Configuring a VTP Management Domain. Configuring the VTP Mode. Configuring the VTP Version. VTP Status. VTP Pruning. Enabling VTP Pruning. Troubleshooting VTP. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 8. Aggregating Switch Links.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Switch Port Aggregation with EtherChannel. Bundling Ports with EtherChannel. Distributing Traffic in EtherChannel. Configuring EtherChannel Load Balancing. EtherChannel Negotiation Protocols. Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP). Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). EtherChannel Configuration. Configuring a PAgP EtherChannel. Configuring a LACP EtherChannel. Troubleshooting an EtherChannel. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 9. Traditional Spanning Tree Protocol.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. IEEE 802.1D Overview. Bridging Loops. Preventing Loops with Spanning Tree Protocol. Spanning Tree Communication: Bridge Protocol Data Units. Electing a Root Bridge. Electing Root Ports. Electing Designated Ports. STP States. STP Timers. Topology Changes. Types of STP. Common Spanning Tree (CST). Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST). Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+). Foundation Summary. Q&A. 10. Spannning Tree Configuration.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. STP Root Bridge. Root Bridge Placement. Root Bridge Configuration. Spanning Tree Customization. Tuning the Root Path Cost. Tuning the Port ID. Tuning Spanning Tree Convergence. Modifying STP Timers. Redundant Link Convergence. PortFast: Access Layer Nodes. UplinkFast: Access Layer Uplinks. BackboneFast: Redundant Backbone Paths. Troubleshooting STP. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 11. Protecting the Spanning Tree Protocol Topology.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Protecting Against Unexpected BPDUs. Root Guard. BPDU Guard. Protecting Against Sudden Loss of BPDUs. BPDU Skew Detection. Loop Guard. UDLD. Troubleshooting STP Protection. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 12. Advanced Spanning Tree Protocol.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP). RSTP Port Behavior. BPDUs in RSTP. RSTP Convergence. Synchronization. Topology Changes and RSTP. RSTP Configuration. Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) Protocol. MST Overview. MST Regions. Spanning Tree Instances Within MST. IST Instances. MST Instances. MST Configuration. Foundation Summary. Q&A.

III. LAYER 3 SWITCHING.

13. Multilayer Switching.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. InterVLAN Routing. Types of Interfaces. Configuring InterVLAN Routing. Layer 3 Port Configuration. SVI Port Configuration. Multilayer Switching with CEF. Traditional MLS Overview. CEF Overview. Forwarding Information Base (FIB). Adjacency Table. Packet Rewrite. Configuring CEF. Fallback Bridging. Verifying Multilayer Switching. InterVLAN Routing. CEF. Fallback Bridging. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 14. Router Redundancy and Load Balancing.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Router Redundancy in Multilayer Switching. Packet Forwarding Review. Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP). Conceding the Election. HSRP Gateway Addressing. Load Balancing with HSRP. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP). Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP). Active Virtual Forwarder. GLBP Load Balancing. Enabling GLBP. Server Load Balancing (SLB). SLB Configuration. Virtual Servers. Verifying Redundancy and Load Balancing. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 15. Multicast.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Multicast Overview. Multicast Addressing. Routing Multicast Traffic. Multicast Trees. Reverse Path Forwarding. IGMP. IGMPv2. PIM. PIM Sparse Mode. PIM Sparse-Dense Mode. PIM Version 1. PIM Version 2. Switching Multicast Traffic. IGMP Snooping. CGMP. Verifying Multicast Routing and Switching. Multicast Routing with PIM. Multicast Switching. What Would Happen Without a Multicast Router? Foundation Summary. Q&A.

IV. CAMPUS NETWORK SERVICES.

16. Quality of Service Overview.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. The Need for Quality of Service. Types of QoS. Integrated Services Model. Differentiated Services Model. DiffServ QoS. Layer 2 QoS Classification. Layer 3 QoS Classification with DSCP. Drop Precedence. QoS Building Blocks. Ingress Queueing. Classification, Trust, and Marking. Policers. Scheduling. Congestion Avoidance. Weighted Random Early Detection. Switch Port Queues. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 17. DiffServ QoS Configuration.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Applying QoS Trust. Trust QoS on an Interface. Do Not Trust any QoS Information. Mapping Inbound QoS Information. Defining a QoS Policy. Defining a QoS Class to Classify Traffic. Classifying Traffic with NBAR. What Happens When NBAR Is Enabled? Defining a QoS Policy. Marking QoS Information. Trusting QoS Information. Policing Classified Traffic. Apply a QoS Policy to an Interface. Tuning Egress Scheduling. Using Congestion Avoidance. Mapping Internal DSCP Values to CoS Values for Queueing. Mapping Packets into Egress Queues. Avoiding Congestion by Using Tail Drop. Avoiding Congestion by Using WRED. Setting WRED Thresholds. A QoS Configuration Example. Configuring QoS Trust. Configuring a QoS Class to Classify Traffic. Configuring a QoS Policy to Act on Classified Traffic. Egress Queue Tuning. Verifying and Troubleshooting QoS. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 18. IP Telephony.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. IP Telephony Overview. Inline Power. How Inline Power Works. Configuring Inline Power. Voice VLANs. Voice VLAN Configuration. Voice QoS. QoS Trust. Voice Packet Classification. Queuing for Voice Traffic. Verifying Inline Power, Voice VLANs, and Voice QoS. Verifying Inline Power. Verifying Voice VLANs. Verifying Voice QoS. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 19. Securing Switch Access.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. Switch AAA. Authentication. Authorization. Accounting. Port Security. Port-Based Authentication. 802.1x Configuration. Foundation Summary. Q&A. 20. Securing with VLANs.
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz. Foundation Topics. VLAN Access Lists. VACL Configuration. Private VLANs. Private VLAN Configuration. Associate Ports with Private VLANs. Associate Secondary VLANs to a Primary VLAN SVI. Switch Port Monitoring. Local SPAN and VSPAN. Remote SPAN. Foundation Summary. Q&A.

V. SCENARIOS FOR FINAL PREPARATION.

21. Scenarios for Final Preparation.
Scenario 1: Trunking and DTP. Scenario 2: VLANs, Trunking, and VTP. Scenario 3: Traditional STP. Scenario 4: Advanced STP. Scenario 5: Router Redundancy with HSRP and GLBP. Scenario 6: Multicast. Scenario 7: QoS in a Switched Network. Scenario 8: Securing Access and Managing Traffic in a Switched Network. Scenario Answers. Scenario 1 Answers. Scenario 2 Answers. Scenario 3 Answers. Scenario 4 Answers. Scenario 5 Answers. Scenario 6 Answers. Scenario 7 Answers. Scenario 8 Answers.

VI. APPENDIX.

Appendix A. Answers to Chapter “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes and Q&A Sections.
Index.

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About the Author

David Hucaby, CCIE No. 4594, is a lead engineer for the University of Kentucky. He is also the author of several Cisco Press titles including CCNP Switching Exam Certification Guide, Cisco Field Manual: Router Configuration, and Cisco Field Manual: Catalyst Switch Configuration.